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2001-O-41 () <.) ORDINANCE NO. 2001-0-41 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF EDGEW ATER AMENDING THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ORDINANCE NO. 90-0-18, AMENDING THE INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT - SANIT ARY SEWER, SOLID WASTE, DRAINAGE, POTABLE WATER, AND NATURAL GROUNDW A TERAQUIFERRECHARGE SUB-ELEMENTS, BY AMENDING THE ELEMENT TITLE TO UTILITIES, FOR CONSISTENCY WITH FLORIDA STATUTES, AMENDING THE DATA AND ANALYSIS, MAPS, TABLES, LEVEL-OF- SERVICE STANDARDS, GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND POLICIES AND BY PROVIDING CONSISTENCY WITH OTHER ELEMENTS OF THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN; PROVIDING FOR HOLDING PUBLIC HEARINGS; PROVIDING FOR TRANSMITTING THIS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AMENDMENT TO THE FLORIDA DEP ARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AFFAIRS, THE VOLUSIA GROWTH MANAGEMENT COMMISSION, VOLUSIA COUNTY, THE REGIONAL PLANNING COUNCIL, THE ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT, THE DEP ARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, THE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT A TION AND ANY OTHER UNIT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT OR GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY THAT HAS REQUESTED A COpy OF THE PLAN AMENDMENT; PROVIDING FOR CONFLICTING ORDINANCES; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. Whereas, from time to time it becomes necessary to amend the City of Edgewater Comprehensive Plan, and Whereas, such an1endments are permitted subj ect to the provisions of Chapter 163, F.S. and Rule 9J-11, F.A.C. Whereas, the Planning and Zoning Board, sitting as the City's Local Planning Agency, held an advertised Public Hearing pursuant to 163.3164(18) & 163.3174(4) (a), Fla. Stat. (2000), on Wednesday, Apri111, 2001, on the proposed Plan Amendments and following that Public Hearing #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) StJ IlGk tin ough passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. 1 (J (J voted and recommended that the City Council approve the aforesaid Amendments to the City's 1990 Comprehensive Plan; and Whereas, the City Council feels it is in the best interests of the citizens of the City of Edgewater to amend its 1990 Comprehensive Plan as more particularly set forth hereinafter. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF EDGEW ATER, FLORIDA: PART A. AMENDMENT. Amending the infrastructure element - sanitary sewer, solid waste, drainage, potable water, and natural groundwater aquifer recharge sub-elements. By amending the element title to utilities, for consistency with Florida statutes, amending the data and analysis, maps, tables, level-of-service standards, goals, objectives, and policies and by providing consistency with other elements of the comprehensive plan. PART B. PUBLICATION. That the notice of this proposed change of the Edgewater Comprehensive Plan shall be published in the manner prescribed by 163.3184 (15) (c), Fla. Stat. (2000). The City Council shall hold at least TWO (2) advertised Public Hearings on the proposed Comprehensive Plan Amendments. The first publication shall appear at least SEVEN (7) days before the first Public Hearing (Transmittal Hearing). 163.3184 (15) (b) 1., Fla. Stat. (2000). The second publication shall appear at least FIVE (5) days before the second Public Hearing (Adoption Hearing). 163.3184 (15) (b) 2., Fla. Stat. (2000). The required advertisement shall be no less than two columns wide by TEN inches (10") long in a standard-size or tabloid-size newspaper, and the headline in the advertisement shall be no smaller than EIGHTEEN (18) point. The advertisement shall not be placed in a portion #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) St! tlck t1,lotlgJ. passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. 2 v () of the newspaper where legal notices and classified advertisements appear. The advertisement shall be placed in a newspaper of general paid circulation in the City of Edge water, and of general interest and readership in the municipality, not one oflimited subject matter, pursuant to Chapter 50 of the Florida Statutes. Whenever possible, the advertisement shall appear in the newspaper that is published at least FIVE (5) days a week, unless the only newspaper in the municipality is published less than FIVE (5) days a week. 163.3184 (15) (c) 2.b., Fla. Stat. (2000). The advertisement shall substantially be in the following form: Notice of Comprehensive Plan Amendments The City of Edgewater proposes to adopt the following ordinance: . ORDINANCE NO. 2001-0-41 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF EDGEWATER AMENDING THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ORDINANCE NO. 90-0-18, AMENDING THE INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT - SANITARY SEWER, SOLID WASTE, DRAINAGE, POTABLE WATER, AND NATURAL GROUNDW A TER AQUIFER RECHARGE SUB- ELEMENTS, BY AMENDING THE ELEMENT TITLE TO UTILITIES, FOR CONSISTENCY WITH FLORIDA STATUTES, AMENDING THE DATA AND ANALYSIS, MAPS, TABLES, LEVEL-OF-SERVICE STANDARDS, GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND POLICIES AND BY PROVIDING CONSISTENCY WITH OTHER ELEMENTS OF THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN; PROVIDING FOR HOLDING PUBLIC HEARINGS;. PROVIDING FOR TRANSMITTING TillS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AMENDMENT TO THE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AFFAIRS, THE VOLUSIA GROWTH MANAGEMENT COMMISSION, VOLUSIA COUNTY; THE REGIONAL PLANNING COUNCIL, THE ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT, THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, THE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND ANY OTHER UNIT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT OR GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY THAT HAS REQUESTED A COPY OF THE PLAN AMENDMENT; PROVIDING FOR CONFLICTING ORDINANCES; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) Su uck till otlgh passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. 3 o (.) A public hearing on the ordinance amending the Infrastructure Element will be held on June 18, 2001 at 7:00 p.m. at the Community Center, 102 N. Riverside Drive, Edgewater, Florida 32132. PART C. PUBLIC HEARINGS. That as a condition precedent to the adoption of this ordinance amending the City's 1990 Comprehensive Plan, the City Council shall hold at least two advertised public hearings on the proposed comprehensive plan or plan amendment as follows: The first public hearing shall be held at the transmittal stage pursuant to subsection 163.3184 (15) (b), Fla. Stat. It shall be held on a weekday at least 7 days after the day that the first advertisement is published. The second public hearing shall be held at the adoption stage. It shall be held on a weekday at least 5 days after the day that the second advertisement is published. 163.3184, Fla. Stat. (2000). The Adoption Hearing shall be held within 120 days of the Department of Community Affairs having issued its Objections, Comments, and Recommendations Report to the City. PART D. TRANSMITT AL OF AMENDMENTS TO PLAN. Immediately following the Transmittal Hearing, the City Manager or his designee shall send SIX (6) copies ofthe proposed Plan Amendments to the Florida Department of Community Affairs, Division of Community Planning, Plan Processing Team, and all other items specified to be transmitted in accordance with Rule 9J-1l.006, F.A.C. The City Manager or his designee shall also, immediately following the Transmittal Hearing, transmit a copy of the proposed Plan Amendments to the V olusia Growth Management Commission, V olusia County, Regional Planning Council, the S1. Johns River Water Management District (Water Management District), Florida Department of Transportation, Department of Environmental Protection and to any other unit oflocal government or governmental agency in the State that has filed a written request with the City of Edgewater for #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) Stl tlGk till otlgh passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. 4 v () a copy of such plan amendments. 163.3184 (3) (a), Fla. Stat. (2000) and Rule 9J-11.006, F.A.C. Within TEN (10) working days following the Adoption Hearing, the City Manager or his designee shall transmit FIVE (5) copies of the Plan Amendments and a copy of this ordinance to the Department of Community Affairs. The City Manager or his designee shall also transmit within TEN (10) working days a copy of the adopted Amendments to the Comprehensive Plan to the Volusia Growth Management Commission, Volusia County, Regional Planning Council, the St. Johns River Water Management District (Water Management District), Florida Department of Transportation, and Department of Environmental Protection. 163.3184 (7), Fla. Stat. (2000) & Rule 9J-11.011 (3), F.A.C. PART E. CONFLICTING ORDINANCES. That all ordinances or parts thereof that are in conflict with this ordinance shall be and the same are hereby rescinded and repealed. PART F. EFFECTIVE DATE. That this ordinance shall become effective upon its final adoption; and either the Department of Community Affairs entering a final order finding these Comprehensive Plan Amendments in compliance, or the Administration Commission entering a final order finding that these Comprehensive Plan Amendments have been brought into compliance. PART G. SEVERABILITY AND APPLICABILITY. If any portion of this ordinance is for any reason held or declared to be unconstitutional, inoperative, or void, such holding shall not affect the remaining portions ofthis ordinance. If this ordinance or any provisions thereof shall be held to be inapplicable to any person, property, or circumstance, such holding shall not affect its applicability to any other person, property, or #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) St1 u.:;k ttu o\1!',h passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. 5 u <.) circumstance. PART H. ADOPTION. After Motion by Councilman Brown and Second by Councilman Vincenzi, the vote on the first reading of this ordinance held on June 18, 200 I is as follows: AYE NAY Mayor Donald A. Schmidt x Councilman James P. Brown x Councilman Dennis A. Vincenzi x Councilwoman Harriet E. Rhodes x Councilwoman Judy Lichter - x After Motion by Councilman Vincenzi and Second by Councilwoman Rhodes the vote ad the second reading of this ordinance was as follows: AYE NAY Mayor Donald A. Schmidt x Councilman James P. Brown -x Councilman Dennis A. Vincenzi x Councilwoman Harriet E. Rhodes -----X- Councilwoman Judy Lichter . x. #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) Shuck tlnough passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. 6 PASSED AND DULY ADOPTED this l7thday of December , 2001. For the use and reliance only by the City of Edgewater, Florida. Approved as to form and legality by: Scott A. Cookson, Esquire City Attorney Foley & Lardner #2001-0-41 (Infrastructure Element) Sbnektheengh passages are deleted. Underlined passages are added. CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF EDGEWATE//R, FLORIDA By� a� Donald A. Schmidt Mayor r'(fYYjsiC�P F Robin L. Matusick Legal Assistant Approved by the City Council of the City of Edgewater at a meeting held on this 17th day of December , 2001 under Agenda Item No. 6-GG EXHIBIT . 41 ,t t ,1 City of Edgewater COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT SANITARY SEWER SUB-ELEMENT DECEMBER 2000 Prepared For: City of Edgewater Planning Department 104 North Riverside Drive Edgewater,Florida 32132 Prepared By: B&H Consultants P.O. Box 740 Ocoee, FL 34761 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT SANITARY SEWER SUB-ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 B. DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 C. REGULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 D. EXISTING CONDITIONS ............................................ 3 1. Wastewater Service Area ......................................... 3 2. Wastewater Collection System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 3. Wastewater Treatment Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 4. Sludge Disposal ................................................ 5 5. Reclaimed Water System ........................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 E. EXISTING LEVEL OF SERVICE ...................................... 5 F. FUTURE NEEDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 1. Wastewater Collection System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 2. Wastewater Treatment Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 3. Sludge Disposal ................................................ 7 4. Reclaimed Water System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. 7 G. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ................................. 8 TABLE 1 ................................................................ 10 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT SANITARY SEWER SUB-ELEMENT A. INTRODUCTION The City of Edgewater is committed to providing efficient and economical wastewater collection, treatment and disposal for the residential, commercial and industrial customers within the City's utility service area. This sanitary sewer sub-element addresses the current state of the waste\\Tater facilities operated by the City and examines the future needs of the system based on anticipated growth within the City's utility service area. The City's utility service area e},..;:ends outside its corporate limit, and the City and Volusia County have entered into intergovernmental agreements providing for the provision of water and sewer service in these unincorporated areas. These agreements underscore the strong commitment of both governments to provide efficient delivery of utility service, and to eliminate to the extent feasible, septic systems and package plants in the developed areas east of US 1. In addition, these agreements support orderly development in the US 1 corridor in Edgewater and southern Volusia County. The City's wastewater system includes the collection system, comprised of gravity sanitary sewers and manholes,_ the system of lift stations and force mains that convey wastewater from the collection system to the wastewater treatment plant, the wastewater treatment plant itself, and the treated effluent disposal system. Each of these system components is described in detail and is analyzed with respect to regulatory agency requirements, existing needs and the projected needs during the planni.O.g period. For areas of the current wastewater system determined by this analysis to be deficient in some manner, this sub-element will provide a plan for orderly, cost-effective corrective action. Finally, goals, objectives and policies are provided to ensure the continued provision of effective and efficient wastewater collection, treatment and disposal for the City's increasing wastewater treatment demands. B. DEFINITIONS The following terms are defined as they apply to Edgewater's wastewater treatment system. 1. Wastewater A combination of the liquid and water-carried wastes from residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together with any groundwater, surface water, and storm water that may be introduced into the system by infiltration/inflow. 2. Wastewater collection system A network of underground pipes and a system of pumps used to collect wastewater from homes and businesses. The underground pipes are usually located within street rights-of- way, and are laid out in a branching pattern. The pipes vary in diameter according to the amount of wastewater they are designed to convey. At intervals on each gravity collection line, manholes are installed to permit inspection and cleaning of the line segments. Because of the relatively flat topography in Edgewater, pumps are installed at strategic locations CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT throughout the gravity collection system. These pumps and associated components are referred to as lift stations. Each lift station receives sewage from a series of gravity collection lines, and discharges the sewage under pressure, into a force main which either conveys the wastewater directly to the treatment plant, or up into a higher section of the gravity collection system where it once again flows by gravity. 3. Sludge The ftrst phases of the treatment process remove much of the solid component of the incoming wastewater stream. The resulting solid/liquid mixture, with a typical solids content of less than 10%, is termed wastewater sludge. Sludge .is further concentrated by additional mechanical and biological processes to reduce the concentration of pathogenic bacteria. After these processes are complete, the sludge is typically disposed of by burial in approved landfills or by land application on approved ~oricultural sites. 4. Effluent After wastewater has gone through the various mechanical and biological processes within the treatment plant, the liquid discharged from the treatment plant is termed wastewater effluent. The wastewater treatment processes in Edgewater's plant are designed to render the wastewater" effluent suitable for discharge to public access sites including irrigation of residential lawns. This highly treated wastewater effluent is known as reclaimed water. 5. Septic tank systems Some homes or businesses are not connected to a wastewater collection system. These locations typically use a septic tank system to provide on-site wastewater treatment. The septic tank is usually constructed of concrete or ftberglass. Wastewater is directed into the tank, where much of the solids settle to the bottom. The liquid drains from the tank into a network of buried pipes called a drainfteld, where it percolates into the soil. Microorganisms remove contaminants from the liquid as it filters through the soil. In order to function properly, the tank must be pumped out periodically to remove accumulated solids. 6. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) The quantity of o:l>.)'gen used in the aerobic stabilization of wastewater. The standard 5-day BOD value is commonly used to define the strength of municipal wastewater and to evaluate the efftciency of treatment by measuring oxygen demand remaining in the effluent. 7. Total suspended solids (TSS) The sum of all solids that float on the surface of, or are in suspension in, wastewater and that are largely removable by treatment processes. Measured as the quantity of material removed from wastewater in laboratory tests prescribed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 8. Infiltration Groundwater entering sewers and building connections through defective joints and cracks in pipes and manholes. 2 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT 9. Inflow Water discharged into service connections and sewer pipes from foundation and roof drains, outdoor paved areas, cooling water from air conditioners, and unpolluted discharges from businesses and industries. c. REGULATIONS Wastewater treatment plant operation is controlled by several federal, state and local laws, statutes and ordinances. The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (PL 92-500) was enacted to restore and maintain the quality of the nation's waters. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is charged with implementing the Act. At the state level, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) is charged with carrying out responsibilities assigned to the state by PL 92-500. FDEP has adopted rules for the regulation of wastewater treatment facilities in Chapter 62-600 Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C), and for the regulation of septic tank systems in Chapter 64E-6 F.A.C In V olusia County, many of FDEP's regulatory duties have been delegated to the V olusia County Health Department. To ensure compliance with applicable regulations, the City of Edgewater must provide periodic operation and maintenance reports to, and is subject to periodic inspection by, both FDEP and the Volusia County Health Department. In addition to monitocing the operation and maintenance of the City's wastewater treatment system, the V olusia County Health Department regulates the installation of new septic tank systems throughout the county and within incorporated cities in the county, in accordance with Chapter 64E-6 F.A.C The City of Edgewater has enacted Ordinance No. 83-0-19, which requires establishments to connect to the city's sanitary sewer collection system when wastewater collection service is made available to the establishment. There are approximately 300 homes in Edgewater that are served by septic systems, and in accordance with Ordinance No. 83-0-19 these will be taken out of service as sanitary sewer service becomes available. D. EXISTING CONDITIONS 1. Wastewater Service Area The City of Edgewater's wastewater service area includes the area within the incorporated city limit as well as areas west and south of the city's corporate limit. The city's service area to the west is a Chapter 180 Reserve Area, and the city's service area to the south was established by an intergovernmental agreement executed in 1994 between Edgewater and V olusia County. Map 1 indicates the general boundaries of the city's service area. Of the approximately 7,950 existing connections to Edgewater's sanitary sewer system, nearly 96%, or 7,600, are residential unit connections, serving a residential population ofrnearly 19,000. Approximately 95% of these connections are single family dwelling units, with the balance a mix of multi-family and mobile home units. The remaining 350 connections make up only 4% of the total number of connections, and are a mix of commercial, professional and light industrial. 3 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT 2. Wastewater Collection System The city operates a wastewater collection system comprised of underground gravity collection pipes, and a series of lift stations and force mains as described above. The newest parts of the city's gravity wastewater collection system were constructed in the mid-1990's and consist primarily of polyvinyl chloride (pVC) pipes with the majority of these being 8 or 10 inches in diameter. The older parts of the gravity wastewater collection system were built in the 19601s and contain pipes made of vitrified clay, mostly 8 inches in diameter. Within the gravity wastewater collection system, there are approximately 91 miles of underground gravity collection pipes and approximately 7,950 connections to the sewer system. The City has a program to monitor for inflow and infiltration, and to make repairs as necessary to minimize flow contributed by these sources. As part of the wastewater collection system, Edgewater currently operates 31 lift stations, and approximately 6 miles of force mains. Edgewater's lift stations are typically duplex style, with two submersible wastewater pumps installed in each lift station. This design provides reliability through redundancy, and extends the life of each pump by reducing the total time each pump must operate. The pumps in Edgewater's lift stations are of varying sizes depending on the flow characteristics needed at each station. The pumps range in size from 1/3 horsepower to 25 horsepower. Lift station pumps can be easily removed and replaced with higher capacity pumps in the event that the flow to a lift station increases significantly due to new development. 3. Wastewater Treatment Plant The City of Edgewater currently operates a single wastewater treatment plant that was constructed in 1993. The location of this plant is shown on Map 2. The plant utilizes a five stage Bardenpho treatment process, an advanced modification of the eJ..'"tended aeration process that provides high levels of BOD, TSS, nitrogen, and phosphorus removal. Regular maintenance of the plant's mechanical components is performed to optimize the wastewater treatment process. The City's plant operations staff members are fully trained and are certified as wastewater treatment plant operators by the State of Florida. The plant includes a state certified laboratory, and the city's laboratory technicians perform routine tests to ensure that the plant remains in compliance with applicable state and federal requirements. The city's wastewater treatment plant is permitted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, under Domestic Wastewater Facility Permit No. FL0021431-01. Under this permit, the plant may treat up to 2.75 MGD. The current average daily flow to the plant is 1.81 MGD. Average BOD removal is 98.9%, and average suspended solids removal is 99.3%. Average nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the effluent are 2.26 mg/L and 0.71mg/L respectively. Based on a permitted treatment capacity of 2.75 MGD, and a current average daily flow of 1.81 MGD, the current excess treatment capacity at the Edgewater plant is 0.94 MGD. 4 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT 4. Sludge Disposal The city's wastewater treatment plant produces an average of 182,000 gallons of sludge per month. The typical solids content of this sludge is 11/2% to 2%. The city contracts with a private fum to dispose of this sludge by land application at an FDEP permitted site. The private firm picks up sludge at the wastewater treatment plant in their own tanker truck, and is responsible for transporting it to the disposal site, and applying it to the site in accordance with the terms of the FDEP pemut. 5. Reclaimed Water System The city's reclaimed water system is permitted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, under Domestic Wastewater Facility Permit No. FL0021431-01. The reclaimed water produced by the plant is suitable for public access area application, including residential lawn irrigation. The pennitted reclaimed water facilities include an existing 1.0 MG reclaimed water holding tank which is located on the wastewater treatment plant site, and a 2.25 MG reject water holding tank, also located on the plant site.. The pennit allows limited discharge of reclaimed water to the Indian River North (Indian River Lagoon - Class III marine waters) in an amount not to exceed 0.83 MGD aadf. Reclaimed water is stored at the wastewater treatment plant, and is then pumped under pressure into a network of pipes. At various points along these pipes, connections are made to individual lot irrigation systems and large volume public area irrigation systems. The reclaimed water transmission and distribution system is designed to provide irrigation water for residential lawns, landscaped areas, cemeteries, parks and road rights-of-way and medians. Although the total anticipated reuse capacity of the system is 3.36 MGD (aadf), the permitted reuse capacity is limited to 2.75 MGD, which is also the permitted wastewater treatment capacity. The current average daily flow of reclaimed water from the wastewater treatment plant into the reclaimed water distribution system is 1.18 MGD. There are currently 2,030 reclaimed water connections, and the current average daily demand for reclaimed water is approximately 600 gallons per day per connection. At present, reclaimed water is available for residential lot irrigation only in the Florida Shores subdivision. Duiing periods of peak demand, in order to keep demand from exceeding supply, reclaimed water is pumped into the system only between the hours of 5:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. (Hours of availability are adjusted appropriately during Daylight Savings Time) E. EXISTING LEVEL OF SERVICE The City of Edgewater's wastewater treatment plant provides service to a total of approximately 7,950 connections to the wastewater system. Residential service is provided to a population of approximately 19,000 by nearly 7,600 of these connections, and the remaining 350 connections provide service to a combination of commercial, professional and light industrial facilities. The average daily flow to the wastewater treatment plant is 1.81 MGD. The City has used this data to establish a level of service standard on a per capita basis. This level of service standard is based on the average daily flow of 1.81 MGD divided by the number of residential customers served by the system. This allows the city to easily identify the additional wastewater system demand due to proposed new residential development. Additional wastewater 5 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT system demand due to proposed non-residential development is calculated on a case-by-case basis, using plumbing code fL"\.'ture counts. Based on these figures, the level of service standard established by the City of Edgewater for the wastewater treatment system is 95 gallons per capita per day. F. FUTURE NEEDS This section examines the need for any expansion or improvement to the wastewater system due to projected development within the Gty of Edgewater's se1Vice area. Generally, the Gty's wastewater treatment system is in very good condition, and is operated properly and efficiently in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. There are no known significant system deficiencies, nor are there any cur:rent or pending regulatory enforcement actions against the City. 1. Wastewater Collection System As part of the development approval p~ocess in Edgewater, each new development is required to construct any new wastewater collection system facilities that are needed in order to service the proposed development. Prior to approving construction of new collection system facilities, the city reviews proposed plans to ensure that the proposed new facilities will promote an efficient expansion of the existing system. The City will continue to try to develop a cost-effective 'expansion of the wastewater collection system into those few existing areas still relying on septic tank systems. 2. Wastewater Treatment Plant The population served by Edgewater's wastewater treatment plant is projected to increase from the current 19,000 to approximately 34,500 during the planning period. This increase in population will require an additional 1.47 MGD of wastewater treatment capacity at a level of service of 95 gallons per capita per day (gpcd). At the projected population served of approximately 34,500 the total flow through the city's plant will be approximately 3.28 MGD, or 0.53 MGD above the currently permitted treatment capacity. Under an interlocal agreement executed by Edgewater and V olusia County in 1999, Edgewater will transfer a minimum of 0.14 MGD of the flow currently being treated at Edgewater's plant to a new V olusia County plant located just south of the city limit. This transfer will take place when the new county plant begins operation in early 2001. The transferred flow will be primarily from existing developments in the southern part of the city's service area. The infrastructure required to accomplish this transfer is being built by the county as part of the plant construction project. Under the terms of the interlocal agreement, V olusia County has committed to provide Edgewater with up to 0.20 MGD of the county plant's wastewater treatment capacity. The current excess treatment capacity at Edgewater's plant was identified in D.3. above as 0.94 MGD. The transfer of up to 0.20 MGD of flow from the Edgewater plant to the V olusia County pIant will increase Edgewater's excess treatment capacity from 0.94 MGD to 1.14 MGD. The agreement recognizes Edgewater's potential need for additional future capacity beyond the initial 0.20 MGD, and includes a mechanism for the allocation of additional capacity. During the first five years of the planning period the population served in Edgewater is 6 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT projected to increase to approximately 22,900. This increase will consume 0.38 MGD of the available 1.14 MGD of excess treatment capacity. This will leave approximately 0.76 MGD of treatment capacity for growth occurring during the last fifteen years of the planning period. An available treatment capacity of 0.76 MGD will serve an additional population of approximately 8,000 at a level of service of 95 gpcd. This equates to a total population served at that point, of approximately 31,000. At the projected rate of population growth indicated in Table 1, Edgewater's population served will reach 31,000 sometime between 2015 and 2020. As the city approaches the limit of its wastewater treatment capacity over the next fifteen years, it will need to either expand the treatment capacity of the city's plant, or transfer additional flow to the county plant. 3. Sludge Disposal Based on the current sludge production rate, it is anticipated that Edgewater's wastewater treatment plant will produce approximately 276,000 gallons of sludge per month on an annual ave.rage basis. The city anticipates that d1e current sludge disposal contr:act with a private firm will be continued. This will enable the city to continue to dispose of generated sludge in an effective, efficient manner:. If the current contractual arr:angement ends, there are other: firms engaged in the same business that the city could contract with, or the city could investigate the feasibility of disposing of sludge in an appropriately permitted landfill. 4. Reclaimed Water System The city is currendy developing plans to increase reclaimed water storage from the current 1.0 MG to 4.5 MG in order to further reduce discharge of reclaimed water to the Indian River North. The reclaimed water system permit allows for an increase from the current 1.18 MGD average daily flow to 2.75 MGD. At the current flow rate per connection, this increase would support an additional 2,700 reclaimed water system connections. To enhance the reclaimed water system, the City has received a permit from the St. John's River Water Management District which allows augmentation of the current reclaimed water supply by withdrawal of water: from a stormwater retention area located near the City's wastewater treatment plant. This permit allows withdrawal from the retention area of up to 1.0 MGD (annual average daily flow). The city will continue planning the orderly expansion of the reclaimed water system to increase total reclaimed water disposal capacity. In accordance with this planned, orderly expansion, construction of reclaimed water distribution facilities will be required within appropriately located new developments. 7 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT G. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES Goals policies and objectives are crucial to the implementation of the Comprebensive Plan and each of the elements and sub-elements. They represent important official statements of public policy that will be used to manage the future growth of the city. Periodically, current city practices and the following sanitary sewer sub-element goals, policies and objectives will be reviewed for conformity. Goal! The city will provide wastewater treatment facilities designed to protect public health and the environment, will cause those facilities to be available concurrent with development and will construct and operate those facilities in an efficient manner. Objective 1.1 The City w--ill ensure that sufficient wastewater treatment capacity exists prior to the issuance of new development approvals. Policy 1.1.1 An average wastewater flow of 95 gallons per capita per day is hereby established as the standard level of service for the city of Edgewater's wastewater treatment facility. Policy 1.1.2 The established level of service standard of 95 gpcd will be used to determine the capacity demand generated by proposed development. Policy 1.1.3 All proposed improvements to the wastewater system, including capacity increase, system expansion or facility replacement will be consistent with the establisbed level of service standard. Objective 1.2 The City will ensure that all wastewater facilities required to support proposed development are available concurrent with such development. Policy 1.2.1 The city will require developers to purchase required wastewater capacity prior to obtaining a development permit. Policy 1.2.2 The city will require each new development to construct wastewater collection facilities and lift stations as needed to connect to the existing system. Objective 1.3 The City will provide proper operation and maintenance of existing and future wastewater system facilities to enusre optimum system performance. Policy 1.3.1 The wastewater treatment system will be operated and maintained in compliance with applicable local, state and federal regulations. Policy 1.3.2 The city will promptly report any violations of local, state or federal wastewater facility operating rules to the appropriate agency, and shall take immediate steps to correct any violations. Policy 1.3.3 The city will employ wastewater treatment plant operators with appropriate and current state wastewater treatment plant operator certification. 8 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Goal 2 The city shall plan for the expansion or increase in capacity of the wastewater system to meet future need. Objective 2.1 The City shall plan for the expansion or increase in capacity of the wastewater sysem to meet future needs. Policy 2.1.1 The city will coordinate with V olusia County to utilize available capacity in the county's south plant to serve customers within the city's service area. Policy 2.1.2 The city will comply with the terms of the 1999 interlocal agreement between the City of Edgewater and Volusia County with regard to provision of wastewater treatment service to city and county residents. Policy 2.1.3 Priority of expansion of wastewater system shall be: a) To existing areas which present an immediate threat to public health or safety, or serious pollution problems. b) To in-fill development in areas of current service availability. c) To areas providing a logical e1i..1:ens10n of existing facilities and service Goal 3 The City will operate its reclaimed water system efficiently in order to maximize effective use of this resource. Objective 3.1. The City will ma.-wruze reclaimed water diposal capacity, make use of available augmentation sources when feasible; and encourage careful use of reclaimed water by its customers. Policy 3.1.1 Priority of expansion of the reclaimed water system shall be: a) To existing, non-connected residences and businesses in areas of current service availability; then b) To in-fill development in areas of current service availability, then c) To areas providing a logical extension of existing facilities and service Policy 3.1.2 The City will work closely with the StJohns River Water Management 9 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT District to develop the existing permitted augmentation site, and to identify and permit additional supply augmentation sites and sources. Policy 3.1.3 The City will develop a program designed to encourage conscientious use of reclaimed water. Elements of the program may include: a) Public education through printed media and other means. b) A series of fines for non-compliance. C) Implementation of mete.red rates if required, to reduce wasteful use. Table 1 City of Edgewater Wastewater Treatment System Projection of Population Served 2000 to 2020 I YEAR I POPULATION SERVED I 2000 18,865 2005 22,865 2010 26,398 2015 30,262 2020 34,481 ft::"?t* 10 CITY OF EOGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT SOLID WASTE SUB- ELEMENT FEBRUARY 2001 Prepared for: City of Edge water Planning Department 104 North Riverside Drive Edgewater, Florida 32132 Prepared by: B&H Consultants P.O. Box 740 Ocoee, FL 34761 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT SOLID WASTE SUB-ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 B. DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 C. REGULATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2 D. EXISTING CONDITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 E. EXISTING LEVEL OF SERVICE ....................................... 8 F. FUTURE NEEDS .................................................... 8 G. GOALS, OBJECTIVESANDPOLICIES................................. 10 TABLE I .................................................................. 4 TABLE II ................................................................. 5 TABLE III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 TABLE IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 MAP 1 MAP 2 MAP 3 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT SOLID WASTE SUB-ELEMENT A. INTRODUCTION This solid waste sub-element addresses the services and facilities used by the City of Edgewater to pmperly collect, pmcess, transfer, and dispose of its refuse. Solid waste is collected in a way that allows the City to appropriately bill customers and to keep quantitative information used for analysis and fuMe pmjections. Future solid waste generation is pmjected in this sub-element in order to ensure adequate services and facilities are in place tb..r:ough the planning period. These seITices and facilities include personnel, equipment, transfer stations, and landfills. Finally, goals, objectives, and policies are included to address the pmper management of the solid waste collection and disposal operations. The City of Edgewater is committed to providing solid waste services to its residential and commercial customers thmugh cooperation with V olusia County and private contractors. These services are managed by the Edgewater Environmental Services Department for all properties within the corporate City limits. The Edgewater Environmental Services Department collects all residential solid waste. Commercial solid waste is either picked up by the City or individual businesses may contract with a private company. Residential recycling services are currently handled thmugh a private contractor and commercial recycling is contracted by each individual business. Edgewater operates its own transfer station which handles household garbage along with bagged grass, leaves, and pine needles. All solid wastes collected within Edgewate.r's corporate limits that are lawfully permitted to be disposed of under ground are ultimately transported to V olusia County's Tomoka Landftll which is located north of Edgewater, near Daytona Beach. B. DEFINITIONS The following terms are deftned as they apply to Edgewater's solid waste collection system. 1. Hazardous waste Wastes that are characterized by the U.S. Environmental Pmtection Agency (EP A) and listed in Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 261, Subsection D; or as outlined in Subsection C as hazardous by exhibiting one of four characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. These wastes, because of their quantity, concentration, or infectious characteristics, may cause or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible illness or may pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when impmperly transported, disposed of, stored, treated, or otherwise managed. If the material is hazardous, then it must be recycled, treated, stored, or disposed of at a pmper hazardous waste facility. Hazardous waste cannot be disposed of on or in the ground, or in local landfills, septic tanks, or injection wells. 2. Recycling Any pmcess by which solid waste or materials which would otherwise become solid waste, are collected, separated, or pmcessed and reused or returned to use in the form of raw CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT materials or products. 3. Solid waste Sludge unregulated under the federal Clean Water Act or Clean .Air Act; sludge from a waste treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility; or garbage, rubbish, refuse, special waste, or other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semi-solidor contained gaseous material resulting from domestic, industrial, commercial, mining, agricultural, or governmental operations. Solid wastes can be classified using the general characteristics of the materials and their sources of generation. The following classifications of waste indicate general characteristics of the materials and their sources of generation: L Residential wastes Residential wastes are household and yard wastes generated by the general population. 2. Commercial wastes Commercial, industrial, and institutional establishments are the main producers of corru::nercial wastes. These wastes are similar to residential wastes in that they consist mainly of combustible materials such as paper, as well as food wastes from offices, restaurants, retail establishments, schools, hospitals, motels, and churches. Industrial wastes are normally generated through manufacturing operations and support activities related thereto. . 3. Special wastes Special wastes are those wastes that are not generated daily. They are most often times bulky and may result from demolition, construction, or renovation projects. 4. Transfer station A facility for the temporary collection of solid waste from several smaller collection points (truck routes) which serves as a holding site until the waste is loaded onto a larger vehicle for transport to the final disposal site. 5. Landfill The final disposal site for solid wastes, and as it implies, the process involves burial of the wastes. Landfills are classified for regulatory purposes according to the characteristics of the wastes they are permitted to receive. C. REGULATIONS The potential environmental impacts of solid waste services and facilities have led to the development of an extensive network of regulatory measures including detailed permitting requirements at the federal and state levels. Impacts of air and water quality are reviewed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EP A) and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP),and whet:e dredging and filling may occur, by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE). The St. Johns River Water Management District also provides state level review for water quality and quantity impacts. Actual construction and operation of solid waste facilities requires further permits and review by FDEP. For processing plants which will generate electrical power or require tall emission stacks, further FDEP and Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) review may be required. These federal and State regulatory responsibilities are summarized in Table 1. 2 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT The FDEP regulates the s,torage, collection, transportation, separation, processing, recycling, and disposal of solid waste as authorized by Chapter 62 of the Florida Administrative Code (F AC). The Florida Resource Recovery and Management Act (Section 403.7, Florida Statutes), passed in 1980, adopted federal guidelines and directed FDEP to develop and implement a hazardous waste management program. This act provided for (1) adoption of federal hazardous waste definitions, (2) a system to monitor hazardous waste from generation to disposal, (3) an annual inventory of large hazardous waste generators, (4) permit requirements, (5) funds for hazardous waste spill and site clean up, (6) hazardous waste management facility site selection procedures, and (7) files and penalties for violators. Amendments to the Act in 1983 provided directions and funds to establish a cooperative hazardous waste management program between local, regional, and state levels of government. These changes included provisions for county-level hazardous waste management assessments, regional and statewide facility needs assessments, and site selection for hazardous waste management facilities at the county, region, and state levels. The Act was again amended in 1988.to mandate a reduction in the volume of landfill disposal. It stipulated that by 1994, local governments needed to reduce their waste streams by 30 percent. The FDEP has established, maintains, and promotes a cooperative program of planning and technical assistance for recourse recovery and management. The department also regulates the construction and operation of solid waste facilities. Locally, V olusia County is responsible for the planning and management of the solid waste facilities to which the City of Edgewater transports its solid wastes. This includes processing permit applications for new facilities as well as ensuring that existing facilities are operated in conformance with permit requirements. The City of Edgewater is responsible for ensuring that its system as well as any private solid waste contractors which serve the residents and businesses within the City, comply with all local, state, and federal rules and regulations. 3 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Table I Federal and State Regulatory Reviews Applicable to Solid Waste Facilities AREA OF REVIEW REVIEW AGENCY ACTIVITY WHERE REVIEW IS APPUCABLE Air Quality New and modified source review requirements , 1. Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) DEP,EPA1 Air emissions in attainment areas 2. New Source Review for Non-attainment DEP Air emission in non-attainment areas Permit to Construct Air Pollution Sources DEP Construction of air pollution source (subsequent to testing). Permit to Operate Air Pollution Sources DEP Operation of air pollution source (subsequent to testing). Water Quality Permit to Dredge and Fill DEP, COE2 If possible effect on water quality. Permit to Construct Wastewater Discharge DEP Discharge into state waters (construction of point source). Permit to Construct Wastewater Discharge DEP Discharge into state waters (operation). Water Quality and Quantity Consumptive Use Permit \XTater Management Consumptive use of surface and District groundwater and drilling of wells. Solid Waste Permit to construct a solid waste facility DEP Construction of solid waste facilities Permit to operate a solid waste facility DEP Operation of solid waste facilities Other Certification of Proposed Electrical Power DEp3 Any power plant over 50 MW. Generating Plant Site Optional for smaller facilities. Notice of Proposed Construction FAA Construction of tall emissions stack. Environmental Impact Statement Provisions EP A, COE, or other EIS requirements dependent upon federal involvement. Notes: DEP reviews permit and recommends to EPA the action to take. Final determination issued by EPA. 2 Joint application between DEP and Corps of Engineers 3 Use of the Florida Electrical Power Plant Siting Act (PPSA) may preclude the need for individual permit applications under Florida law since it serves as a clearinghouse for these various permits. A Memorandwn of Understanding has been reached with EP A. Their permit requirements may also be addressed under the PPSA. Sanitary Sewer, Solid Waste, Drainage, Potable Water, and Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Model Element, Department of Community Affairs, May 1987. Source: 4 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT D. EXISTING CONDITIONS The City of Edgewater currently provides solid waste collection services to 8,105 accounts (customers) in the service area shown in Map 1. This service is provided by the Environmental Services Department. The City collects from all of its residential customers twice a week for household garbage and once a week for bagged grass clippings, leaves, pine needles, and similar ground cover. The City also picks up loose brush twice a month for its residential customers and will collect furniture, appliances, tires, and other materials that are not considered hazardous. Although there is currently no additional charge for this service, the City is considering establishing fees for these special pick ups. Residential customers receive recycling services once a week through a private collection company contracted by the City. Commercial solid waste collection is provided either through the City or private contractor, depending on the service required. Currently, 225 businesses are served directly by the City. This represents less than three percent (3%) of the total customer base. The City's Environmental Services staff does not keep separate collection records for its residential and commercial customers for regular garbage. It is estimated that commercial solid waste accounts for five (5) percent of all solid waste collected by the City. .All commercial recycling is handled by individual businesses. Table II provides the most current figures for annual tonnage of garbage and yard waste collected, the current Edgewater population, and the current per capita generation rate. Table II MonthlYear Garbage Collected (in tons) Yard Waste Collected (tons) August 1999 598.83 57.31 September 1999 647.19 152.78 October 1999 656.78 149.38 November 1999 758.72 27.37 December 1999 705.54 39.47 January 2000 744.26 55.38 February 2000 669.57 41.76 March 2000 748.90 233.65 i\pril 2000 674.43 62.94 May 2000 711.43 35.94 June 2000 680.75 73.23 July 2000 671.34 57.03 Totals in Tons/Pounds 8267.74/16,535,480 986.24/1,972.480 Multiplied by 95% (to get total repre- 15,708,706 1,873,856 sented by residential customers only) Divided by 365 days, then divided by 2.20 .26 current population (per capita per day) Source: Citv of Ede:ewater. Environmental Services Deoartment. Aue:ust 2000 5 ~ CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT The collected wastes are taken to a City-operated transfer station. The transfer station has a design capacity of 600 cubic yards per day. This is based on the existing City truck fleet of two (2) trucks to transport the wastes to the County landfill. Providing a loose fill weight of 200 pounds per cubic yard, a design transfer capacity of 120,000 pounds per day is assumed. Based on a current population of 18,865, this equates to a transfer station level of service of 6.36 per person per day. Map 2 shows the location of the City's transfer station. The location of the Tomoka Landfill is shown in Map 3. Edgewater no longer operates an incinerator to dispose of yard waste. The yard waste collected is now processed through the transfer station. From the transfer station, the solid waste collected in Edgewater is transported to the Tomoka Landfill located north of the City near Daytona Beach. This landfill covers a total of 850 acres. Of this total acreage, 300 acres have been determined to be unusable. V olusia County does not currendy allocate an amount of landfill area, or proportional landfill capacity share, to the numerous communities it serves. There is no agreement between Edgewater and V olusia County on the amount of solid waste that the City can dispose of at the landfill. According to County personnel, based on predicted growth for the area and the current levels of solid waste generated per capita, the landfill has 25-30 years of capacity remaining. Edgewater currendy charges residential customers $11.50 per month for the collection of household garbage, bagged grass clippings, and loose brush. In addition, furniture, appliances, clean untreated or painted wood, tires, and any other items placed at the curb other than construction debris and hazardous materials are currendy picked up free of charge; however, the City is considering establishing fees for these special pick ups. Recycling is picked up once a week for residential customers at a monthly charge of $1.50. All residential customers pay the $1.50 whether they recycle or not. There is also a $.50 monthly equipment reserve charge for refuse customers to help fund the necessary equipment used to provide the service. 6 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Recvcling Edgewater currently provides weekly recycling services to its residential customers. Over the most recent 12-month period, the city collected from an average of 24,806 homes per month or roughly 5,500 homes per week. On the average, homes were visited 4.5 times per month for recycling services. There are 7,880 households represented in the current customer base. At 4.5 times per month, this would equate to 35,460 possible household collections. This analysis indicates that roughly 70 percent of the households are recycling on a regular basis. Table III shows the totals of the various items that were collected over the most recent 12-month period. T able III Recycling Totals August 1999-July 2000 Item Collected Total collected (in pounds) for Per capita per day total based 12 month period on Year 2000 population Aluminum cans 76,831 .01 Newspaper 1,768,390 .25 Glass 680,885 .10 Steel Cans 296,255 .04 Cardboard 50,475 .01 Plastic 285,105 .04 White goods 9,200 - , TOTALS 3,167,141 .45 Source: City of Edgewater, Environmental Services Department, August 2000 Based on current data, the average person in Edgewater is contributing 2.55 pounds of household garbage everyday and recycling .45 pounds per day. Recycling is therefore reducing the amount of material going to the landfill by 21 percent. Hazardous Waste V olusia County's Environmental Management Division monitors the occurrence and disposal of hazardous waste within the County. This department also implements applicable State and Federal regulations providing for the handling of hazardous waste. The federal government and State of Florida have detailed rules and regulations pertaining to the handling and disposal of hazardous wastes. Although there are only a few commercial establishments within the City that currently generate hazardous waste material, Edgewater is committed to intergovernmental cooperation to ensure that collection and disposal of these materials is done in a safe, lawful, and environmentally sound manner. 7 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT The Edgewater City Code, Section 19-117, dictates that hazardous substances be regulated within the City based on the following: (1) Chapter 38F-41 of the Florida Administrative Code (the Florida Substance List), (2) Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 261 (Identification and Listing of Hazardous Wastes), (3) Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 302.4 (Table 302.4)(List of Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities), and (4) Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 355, Appendix A and B (List of Extremely Hazardous Substances). Section 19-117 (through City Ordinance No. 90.0.36) also defines Hazardous Substances as including any solution, mixture, or formulation containing such materials, and also includes any material which, due to its chemical or physical characteristics poses a substantial threat to the life, health, or safety of persons or property or to the environment Section 19-120 of the Edgewater Code states that the City will develop an inspection program to insure compliance with Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations 260.00-265.00 in coordination with V olusia County (Ordinance No. 90.0.36). E. EXISTING LEVEL OFSERVIc;E Approximately 50,707 pounds of solid waste (garbage and yard waste) is currently being collected per day. It is estimated that 95 percent of this is generated by the residential customers. Given the current population of 18,865, the existing solid waste generation is 2.55 pounds per capita per day. The current transfer station and truck fleet provides for a level of service of 6.36 pounds per capita per day. Based on the above information, Edgewater is adopting a level of service of 2.75 pounds per capita per day. This will be used when assessing the solid waste facilities and equipment needed to handle future growth. F. FUTURE NEEDS This section examines the need for any expansion, improvement, or modification to the solid waste collection and disposal methods due to proje~ted development within the future Edgewater city limits. In general, the existing collection and disposal methods provide solid waste management in an economical and environmentally sound manner. The transfer facility has been refurbished fairly recently (1994). It provides a capacity well beyond current generation rates and should be more than adequate to handle future needs of the City as well. The only drawback to the transfer facility is its proximity to adjacent housing. Because of this, Edgewater will continue to minimize any impacts through the use of proper operating techniques and a thorough maintenance routine. A positive aspect for the site is its central location and convenient access. Table IV shows the projected population over the planning period and the estimated solid waste generation rates based on current levels of service. 8 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT T able IV Future Solid Waste Generation Rates Based on Current Levels of Service Year Proposed Population Solid Waste Generated (Based on 2.5 pounds per capita per day) 2005 22,865 20,864,313 2010 26,398 24,088,175 2015 30,262 27,614,075 2020 34,481 31,463,913 Source: Land Design Innovations, August 2000 (population data); City of Edgewater, Environmental Services Department, August 2000 (solid waste data) Using the current capacity of the transfer station of 120,000 pounds per day, the City will be able to handle the residential solid waste projected to be generated over the planning period. In the year 2020, with 31,463,913 total pounds projected to be collected for residential customers, the average per day would be 86,203. This would leave an average of 33,797 per day for commercial customers. If Edgewater continues the policy of providing a choice to commercial customers as to having the City or a private contractor collect their garbage, this additional capacity provides adequate space for additional commercial customers well into the planning period. Since V olusia County owns and operates the T omoka Landfill, a capacity assessment was not performed. As stated earlier, based on predicted growth for the area and the current levels of solid waste generated per capita, the landfill has 25-30 years of capacity remaining. Since the County does not allocate a specific share of the landfill's capacity to Edgewater, and the City of Edgewater's overall disposal rate is relatively small compared with others who utilize the facility, it is anticipated that the City will continue to use the landfill without any problems throughout the planning period. Recycling services are currently provided by a private contractor and the contracting of these services is expected to continue. The City.ofEdgewater does not anticipate any facility or equipment needs for recycling based on these collection and disposal methods. Edgewater should continue to promote its recycling services using all means available with a goal of getting more of its residential customers to recycle on a regular basis. The City currently receives grant money through the County to promote recycling. The City of Edgewater does not provide general hazardous waste management or disposal services. The commercial establishments which generate these hazardous wastes within Edgewater are responsible for the safe, lawful, and environmentally-sound collecting and disposing of these wastes. The hazardous wastes produced by the current businesses represent a nominal amount and this rate is not expected to increase substantially over the planning period. Because of this, the City has not planned the development of any hazardous waste facilities but will continue to cooperate with V olusia County to ensure that safe, lawful, and environmentally-sound practices are utilized when handling and disposing of hazardous wastes produced within the City limits. 9 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT G. GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND POLICIES Goal 1 To protect the public health, safety, and welfare by insuring that the collection of solid waste be properly managed, including a means of providing for future growth. Objective 1.1 Continue to provide solid waste and recycling services in an efficient and effective manner. Policy 1.1.1 Maintain current services and continue to provide for future equipment needs. . Keep up with industry best practices with regard to the collection system routes and resource recovery. Continue Edgewater's capital improvements program to identify needs for solid waste facilities and equipment. Policy 1.1.2 Monitor solid waste and recycling services provided by private contractors to ensure proper service delivery. Policy 1.1.3 Fund solid waste services with user fees and State and Federal grants, if available. Objective 1.2 Ensure that provisions are made for growth and either maintain or reduce the current per capita generation rates. Policy 1.2.1 Edgewater shall coordinate with Volusia County to ensure that adequate capacity is available in the County landfill to accommodate new development before development permits are issued. Policy 1.2.2 The level of service standard for solid waste shall be 2.75 pounds per capita per day. This includes household garbage and yard waste. Goal 2 To protect the public health, safety, and welfare by promoting safe, lawful, and environmentally- sound methods of disposing of hazardous waste. Objective 2.1 The City shall cooperate with _the County to monitor the generation rates and disposal methods of hazardous waste by industrial and commercial establishments and residents within Edgewater to ensure safety factors. Policy 2.1.1 Edgewater shall enforce County, State, and Federal regulations regarding disposal of hazardous waste materials. Objective 2.2 The City shall cooperate with the County to monitor the generation rates and disposal methods of hazardous waste by industrial and commercial establishments and residents within Edgewater to ensure environmentally-sound disposal methods are being utilized. Policy 2.2.1 Edgewater shall enforce County, State, and Federal regulations regarding disposal of hazardous waste materials. 10 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Goal 3 Reduce solid waste generation rates by increasing the amount of recycling materials collected. Objective 3.1 Promote recycling by residential and commercial customers. Policy 3.1.1 Distribute educational materials and develop other means to reach the customers with this message. Policy 3.1.2 Monitor recycling collection to determine average per capita per day collected. Identify residential areas of the city with low recycling figures. Target those areas for additional educational and promotional materials. Policy 3.1.3 Take advantage of any funds available through County, State, or Federal grants to develop promotional materials for recycling. 11 s:: )> \J (/) d lD m C (/) m o 11 o ;;0 (j) ;;0 ~ ;!; () \J C ;;0 \J o (/) m (/) o Z r :< :E oo~z m w Q 0 =< ~ 0 0 ::::- ~ ~ ~ 0 ~ .... ." ~ = ~ II ~ 0 ~ - W ~ ,.... 0 (") 0 ::::to g q G) :>. fTI ~ ~ W ~ 0 0 0 "T1 rri CD CD - ~ !:: )> "U (J) -l o w m c (J) m o 'T1 o ;;0 Gl ;;0 ~ ;t; () "U C ;;0 "U o (J) m (J) o Z r :< :E ~~z m Q w :< 0 0 0 0 ~ ->. " = " 0 ~ ~ w ~ 0 0 Ci) q rT1 w ~ 0 0 0 II ill CD CD - ::tJ s:: )> -u Vi d w m C en m o "T1 o ;u (j) ;u ~ ;I; () -u C ;u -u o en m en o Z r :-< d ~ ~ ~ CJ a ~ C5 ~ ~ ~ 6 ~ ~ m Q ~ ->. ~ = II ~ m 0 0 s: ~ r " m en r:9 en C) ~ rn CD ~ (II ~ :tJ CITY OF EOGEWATER COMPREHENsrVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT STORMWATER SUB-ELEMENT FEBRUARY 2001 , Prepared for: City of Edge water Planning Department 104 North Riverside Drive Edgewater, FIQrida 32132 Prepared by: B&H Consultants P.O. Box 740 Ocoee, FL 34761 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT STORMWATER SUB-ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION ............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 1 B. DEFINITIONS. . . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 2 C. REGULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 D. EXISTING CONDITIONS ............................................ 4 1. Indian River North System ....................................... 4 2. Gabordy Canal System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 3. 19th Street Canal System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 5 4. Turnbull Hammock Canal System ................................. 7 E. FUTURE NEEDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 F. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ................................. 9 1 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTIUTIES ELEMENT STORMWATER SUB-ELEMENT A. INTRODUCTION The City of Edgewater is situated on the western shore of the Indian River, between the communities of New Smyrna Beach and Oak Hill, and lies approximately two miles inland from the Atlantic Ocean. Edgewater's topography is relatively flat, with some areas of greater relief nearest the Indian River. The area normally receives significant rainfall during the year and due to its coastal proximity, is subjected on occasion, to torrential rains as a result of tropical storms and hurricanes. The ability of the soils in the Edgewater area to absorb rainfall can be generally characterized as fair to poor. Prior to significant development activity by early settlers and their followers, the natural topography of the area defined three major drainage basins which are commonly known as the Gabordy basin, the Indian River North basin, and the Turnbull Hammock basin. The Indian River North basin is a strip of land paralleling the Indian River, bordered on the west by a small ridge line. Runoff within this basin flowed quickly and directly to the Indian River. The Gabordy basin encompassed much of what is now the developed central portion of Edgewater. Due to the flat topography, runoff within the Gabordy basin flowed slowly northward to a small creek which then conveyed the runoff eastward to the Indian River. The southwestern part of what is now developed Edgewater lies within the Turnbull Hammock basin. Runoff within this basin flows generally westward to a large, flat hammock area, and then slowly southward, ultimately discharging to the Indian River in the vicinity of Oak Hill. Rainfall in Florida is highly variable, ranging from gentle drizzles that last for a day or more, to heavy, sudden rains during summer thunderstorms, to torrential downpours associated with hurricanes. Over long periods of time, the natural drainage features that are created by stormwater runoff are generally capable of conveying runoff from average intensity storms to a receiving body of water without incident. Very heavy rainfall however, can overta.x the capacity of the natural conveyance system, resulting in flooding of adjacent areas. In undeveloped areas, this occasional flooding is not normally a problem, but as land is developed, it becomes m01:e important to minimize flooding, and contain and channelize stormwater runoff. The ditches and canals which were constructed as the Edgewater area developed, and which now form the backbone of the stormwater drainage netwo.rk were for the most part, originally constructed with little regard for storm water runoff conveyance. Instead, many of these facilities were constructed to lower the naturally high water table in surrounding areas in order to enhance the ability to cultivate or build upon the land. Because of this, the network of ditches and canals was created in a somewhat haphazard manner, with the main purpose of each being to solve a specific drainage problem in a limited area, rather than being considered as part of an overall drainage network. 1 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT As Edgewater developed, the amount of impervious surface area increased, which caused a corresponding increase in stormwater runoff from all storm events. Many areas were developed without regard for the ability of downstream facilities to carry this increased :runoff. As a result, localized nuisance flooding became more widespread and more frequent. In the late 1970's and early 1980's, nuisance flooding in various parts of the city became more pronounced. In the Florida Shores subdivision and in other areas scattered throughout the city, the frequency and severity of flooding increased, and the city began a study of the drainage system deficiencies in the area to determine what improvements wer:e possible. This study by city staff resulted in the development of an initial stormwater management plan, as well as a determination that a comprehensive analysis of the city's entire stormwater management system was required in order to ensure that new regulations and capital improvements would address basin-wide concerns. In the late 1980's, the City of Edgewater retained the services of Dyer, Riddle, Mills & Precourt, Inc. (DRMP), a consulting engineering firm, for the purpose of developing a stor:mwater master plan. In April 1990, DRMP presented an engineering report on this subject to the city. Their report was a comprehensive review and analysis of the historic, current, and projected stormwater drainage issues within the city. The report enumerated the major drainage problem areas at that time, concentrating primarily on areas which suffered from flooding of varying degrees of severity and frequency. Runoff conveyance capacities of the major ditches and canals were calculated and tabulated. Each basin was analyzed with respect to the flooding experience within the basin, and the cause(s) for that flooding. The report listed several remedial measures that were recommended as a means to reduce flooding and improve the functional capacity of the existing stor:mwater management system. These measures were prioritized with respect to the benefit gained, and an estimate of necessary capital expenditures was provided. In the years since the preparation of the DRMP report, the City of Edgewater has made significant progress in reducing the frequency and severity of flooding within the city, and has greatly improved the functional capacity of the stormwater management system. This was done through a combination of the implementation of measures suggested in the report, and by active and continuous maintenance of the stormwater management system. The city intends to continue to maintain the stormwater management system in a manner that provides the highest feasible level of protection for its existing and future residents. It must be noted however, that due to the City's proximity to the Indian River, tidal fluctuation will continue to affect the City's stormwater management system. The relatively flat terrain of the Edgewater area combined with this tidal influence is a limiting factor for stormwater system improvement.. B. DEFINITIONS 1. STORMWATER RUNOFF Rainfall that flows along the surface of the land either during, or soon after a storm event is called stor:mwater runoff. This runoff follows natural or man-made drainage features from its origin to a lower discharge point where it enters a larger: stream or body of water. 2 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT 2. DRAlNAGE BASIN Drainage basms are areas defined by topography, with the outer limits of the basm bemg at a higher elevation than the area contained withID. Stormwater runoff within each drainage basm tends to run toward a common discharge or collection point. 1bis point may be a stream, lake, or coastal area. 3. DRAlNAGE FACILITIES Drainage facilities can be natural .or man-made, and either convey, .or store stormwater runoff. Natural drainage facilities mclude topographical features such as creeks, rivers, ponds and lakes. Man-made drainage facilities include canstructed features such as swales, ditches, canals and storm sewers, as well as detention and retention facilities. 4. RETENTION /DETENTION FACILITIES Retention facilities collect and retain stormwater runoff, and then gradually release the collected water either by evaporation, or by percolation into the ground. Retention facilities do not have a direct connection to downstream drainage facilities. Detention facilities also callect stormwater runoff, but unlike retention facilities, detention facilities only detain the runoff, before releasing it through an outlet of some sort to downstream areas. 5. LEVEL OF SERVICE The City of Edgewater has established the following Level Of Service (LOS) standards for the major stormwater conveyance ditches and canals throughout the city. Channels are assigned a Level Of Service rating based on the ability of the channel to convey sufficient stormwater runoff to prevent adjacent or upstream floodIDg, based on a 25 year frequency, 24 hour duration storm event. Level Of Service "A" is considered to be the best rating, while Level Of Service "D" is assigned to channels with critical flooding problems. LOS A: No significant street flooding LOS B: No major residential yard flooding LOS C: No significant structure floodIDg LOS D: No limitation on flooding C. REGULATIONS In 1972, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act was passed into law, and became tlle controlling federal law with respect to water pollution abatement. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EP A), in implementing the Act, determined that pollutants carried by stormwater runoff contribute significantly to water contamination. At the state level, Chapter 62-25 of the Florida Administrative Code provides detailed guidelines for the permitting, construction and maintenance of stormwater facilities of all types. While the Florida Department of Environmental Protection oversees some aspects of stormwater management, in the Edgewater area, the St. John's River Water Management District (SJRWMD) has broad autharity with respect to permitting, construction, maintenance and inspection of drainage facilities, as well as permit condition enforcement authority. At the local level, the City of Edgewater's municipal code and development regulations contain criteria for the desien. construction and maintenance of stormwater manaeemeat facilities. The City 3 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT requires developers to submit plans and supporting calculations for all proposed stormwater facilities. All new stormwater facilities are required to conform to all applicable City, SJRWMD and federal criteria, and no new stormwater facility construction is allowed to begin until all plans and calculations for the project have been reviewed and approved by the city's engineer. In addition, on October 2, 1989, the Edgewater City Council adopted Ordinance No. 89-0-27 which established a stormwater management utility. This utility allows the City to collect fees based on impervious area of developed property. The collected fees are used for ongoing programs of design, construction and maintenance of stormwater facilities. D. EXISTING CONDITIONS There are four major drainage basins in Edgewater today, the Indian River North Basin, the Gabordy Basin, the 18th Street Basin and the Turnbull Hammock Basin. The Indian River North basin contains no significant canals or other drainage facilities. It drains through sheet flow and a number of drainage pipes directly to the Indian River. The remaining three basins are drained by three main canal systems known as the Gabordy Canal system, the 18th Street Canal system, and the Turnbull Hammock Canal system. A .brief description of the problems that e.xisted in the area served by each canal system, and the actions taken to rectify those problems are detailed below. 1. Indian River North System The Indian River North system is characterized by relatively steep topographic relief, as compared to the rest of the Edgewater area. This system is located parallel to the Indian River,. and drains primarily through sheet flow and drain pipes directly to the Indian River. Because of its relatively steep topographic relief, well drained soils and small size, this basin does not experience significant drainage problems during most storm events. However, due to its proximity to the Indian River, this basin can be subjected to potentially severe flooding from tidal surge caused by major tropical storms or hurricanes. There is very little that can be done to prevent this, and the city has restricted its efforts to ensuring that new construction takes place above the laO-year flood elevation. To maintain peak drainage capacity in the system during more frequent storm events, the city's stormwater system maintenance crews regularly clean inlets and roadside swales in order to maximize their capacity for runoff conveyance. 2. Gabordy Canal System The Gabordy Canal system drains an area encompassing approximately the northe.rn third of the developed area of Edgewater. Runoff within this part of the city flows northward through a system of ditches and canals, all of which eventually discharge to the Gabordy Canal. The Gabordy Canal lies on a roughly east-west a.'ris along the north city limit and flows eastward to a point of discharge into the Indian River. Within this system, major drainage problems existed in and around the Shangri-La and Wildwood subdivisions, as well as several discrete areas along the length of various channels. The cause of these flooding problems varied, but in general were determined to be a combination of improperly sized culverts, improper culvert invert elevations, adverse channel-bottom slopes, insufficient channel cross-sectional area, and inadequate channel maintenance. The sheer number of culverts within this system made a wholesale culvert replacement program prohibitively expensive. Channel slopes have been re-graded in many 4 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSNEPLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT areas to improve the hydraulic capacity of the channels. Increasing channel cross-sectional area has also been too expensive to undertake on a widespread basis, but where possible, improvements have been made in the more critically constricted channel sections. The problems within the Gabordy Canal are not entirely due to causes within Edgewater's. control. The City of New Smyrna Beach lies north of Edgewater, and a portion of New Smyrna Beach drains southward into the Gabordy Canal. In addition, there are large tracts of land within unincorporated V olusia County that also drain into the Gabordy Canal. Since the runoff from these areas outside Edgewater is a contributing factor to the problems within the Edgewater corporate limit, both New Smyrna Beach and Volusia County are working with Edgewater to develop a long-term plan to increase the capacity of the Gabordy Canal, and alleviate existing problems in the Gabordy Canal within Edgewater's corporate liillits. V olusia County has constructed major roadway and drainage system improvements along Park Avenue in Edgewater, which significantly improved the drainage capacity of the channels in the vicinity of the Wildwood subdivision. The channels in this area had previously been rated at LOS D, and due to the combined effect of the county's construction and the city's maintenance efforts, the channels in the area are now rated at LOSB. The planned construction of a YMCA facility in the vicinity of the Shangri-La subdivision will include an on-site stormwater retention facility. This will help to attenuate peak flows in the channels draining the Shangri-La subdivision, and as a result, the Level Of Service for these channels is expected to improve from the current LOS D to at least LOS C. The City of Edgewater now employs a crew of 9 workers for stormwater system maintenance, and the city also has several pieces of equipment used primarily for stormwater system maintenance. This workforce has enabled the city to remove several channel blockages, re-grade portions of many of the channels, and replace a limited number of culverts. The most effective use of this workforce though, has been through the implementation of a routine channel maintenance program which includes regular mowing of channel sides and removal of vegetation, silt and debris from channel inverts. Also included in this maintenance program is routine cleaning of catch basins, which contributes greatly to the reduction of debris carried into stormwater conveyance channels. Under this ongoing maintenance program, the channels within the Gabordy system are cleaned and mowed at least twice every year. Although localized Level Of Service improvements have been made in certain portions of the Gabordy Canal System as noted above, much of the Gabordy Canal System remains at Level Of Service rating C or D. The city's plans to deal with the remaining problem areas within the Gabordy Canal System will be discussed in the Future Needs section of this sub- element. 3. 18th Street Canal System The 18th Street Canal system drains the central part of the most highly developed part of Edgewater. The majority of the 18th Street Canal system is contained within the Florida Shores subdivision. Florida Shores is a large subdivision, approximately 4.5 square miles in area., laid out primarily in a grid pattern, and containin,g very little topo,graphic relief. 5 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSNEPLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT The general drainage pattem for the canals and ditches within the 18th Street Canal system is from south to north through one of four major canals and several smaller interconnecting canals and ditches. These canals and ditches discharge at various locations into the 18th Street Canal which then flows eastward along 18th Street, crosses under a railroad embankment, and continues eastward to a point of discharge into the Indian River. An area north of 18th Street drains eastward and southward through two major canals, which converge and then empty into the 18th Street Canal. Within this system, widespread nuisance flooding existed, and major drainage problems existed at many locations. As in the Gabordy Canal system, the cause of these flooding problems varied, but in general, the problems were determined to be a combination of improperly sized culverts, improper culvert invert elevations, adverse channel-bottom slopes, insufficient channel cross-sectional area, and inadequate channel maintenance. The Florida Shores subdivision relies on roadside swales to convey stormwater runoff along the streets, and in many places these swales were discontinuous or non-existent In addition, detailed survey data revealed that some of the homes that suffered structure floOding were built at such low elevations as to make protection from flooding nearly impossible. These homes were built long before the City of Edgewater had its current program of plan review and development inspection in place. Other factors which contribute to flooding problems within this system are a generally high water table and soils that have marginal to poor percolation characteristics. The high water table, combined with marginally draining soils, and the nearly flat topography in the area, make it very difficult to quickly evacuate stormwater runoff. The majority of the channels within the 18th Street Canal system were rated at LOS C, with some areas rated LOS D. In addition to the flooding pro blems in the area, this system suffered from significant water quality issues as well. All of the homes in the Florida Shores subdivision were built using septic tanks and drain fields for sanitary sewage treatment. Due to the high water table and the poorly draining soils, septic tank drainfields performed marginally at best, and many failed completely during periods of high rainfall. The drainfields would become totally saturated, and would seep laterally into the system of canals which drained stormwater from the area. This seepage was highly polluted, and the stormwater runoff within the ditches was in tum polluted. This polluted runoff drained directly into the Indian River, which was contrary to the efforts that were being made all along the Indian River to limit pollutant loading of this water body. In the mid 1990's the City of Edgewater completed an extensive area improvement project in the Florida Shores subdivision. This project included major drainage and paving improvements as well as the construction of a grayity sanitary sewer system. The drainage improvements ranged from minor re-grading of roadside swales to the construction of a number of small retention basins within closed street rights-oE-way. These retention basins help to attenuate peak flows into the canals which in turn allows the canals to carry stormwater runoff more efficiently. The construction of the sanitary sewer system, and the mandatory connection of homes in the area has almost completely eliminated septic tank drainfield seepage into the stormwater systetIL The few small areas that are still using septic tanks will be converted to gravity sewer as lines are e},.1:ended and connection becomes feasible. 6 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Although the capital improvements referenced above have alleviated many of the flooding problems, the long-term success of the drainage system depends on regular maintenance. As in the Gabordy Canal system, the City of Edgewater's 9 stormwater system maintenance workers have also made considerable impact on the 18th Street Canal system. The city has established a routine channel maintenance program which includes regular mowing of channel sides and removal of vegetation and debris from channel inverts. Also included in this maintenance program is routine cleaning of catch basins and maintenance of roadside swales, which contributes greatly to the reduction of debris carried into stormwater conveyance channels. Under this ongoing maintenance program, the channels within the 18th Street Canal system are cleaned and mowed at least twice every year. The majority of the channels within the 18th Street Canal system were rated at LOS C, with some areas rated LOS D. The combined effects of the Florida Shores roadway and drainage improveinents and sanitary sewer system construction, as well as the routine drainage system maintenance program implemented by the city has resulted in a general upgrading of the Level of Service rating for channels in the 18th Street Canal system from LOS C to LOS B. As in the Gabordy Canal system, there are still a few trouble areas that are rated LOS C, and still fewer that retain an LOS D rating. The city'splans to deal with these problem areas will be discussed in the Future Needs section of this sub-element. . 4. Turnbull Hammock Canal System Within the developed area in the City of Edgewater, the Turnbull Hammock Canal system drains a relatively small area in the southwestern part of the Florida Shores subdivision. Stormwater runoff in the northern part of the basin drains southward in a main canal to an intersecting canal which then flows westward to the Silver Palm Canal located at the western boundary of the Florida Shores subdivision. Stormwater runoff in the southern part of the basin drains northward in a main canal to another intersecting canal which also drains westward to the Silver Palm Canal. The Silver Palm Canal drains into the Turnbull Hammock, which is characterized by very flat terrain, and a normally high water table. The Turnbull Hammock drains southward toward an eventual discharge to the Indian River in the vicinity of Oak Hill. Because of the flat terrain, overland flow in the Turnbull Hammock is very slow, and this in turn causes drainage into the Hammock from the Turnbull Hammock Canal system to be sluggish. There have been some insUlnces of nuisance flooding in the Turnbull Hammock Canal system, but due to the high water table elevation of the Hammock itself, there is little that can be done to alleviate the problems without significant reconstruction and rerouting of drainage flow. To date, the city has attempted to reduce flooding to the greatest extent feasible by maintaining open channels in the Turnbull Hammock Canal system so that the limited conveyance capacity is maximized. The city's maintenance crews regularly inspect and clean the ditches and canals in this system to reduce the amount of debris that can be carried into the stormwater conveyance channels. 7 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT B. FUTURE NEEDS The City of Edgewater has recently completed an initial review of the status of stmmwater drainage system improvements made from 1990 to the present. This review resulted in a determination that while there have been many changes made by different agencies, they were, fmthe most part, made without benefit of comprehensive coordination of the various work efforts. The city determined that because of the widespread scope and magnitude of the work done to-date, the existing stormwater master plan is no longer current. It was decided that the most effective way to re-establish a plan of action for the future would be first to engage the services of a consultant to document the current status of the city's drainage infrastucture. In late 2000, the city authorized Professional Engineering Consultants, Inc. (pEq to begin work on this documentation effort, and expects to receive a report from PEC in mid-2001. This report will provide an overview of the current system, an inventory of the system components, and a delineation of current problem areas. Based On the results of this initial study, the city will determine what additional work is needed to establish a work plan for further drainage system improvements. 8 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT C. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES Goals policies and objectives are crucial to the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan and each of the elements and sub-elements. They represent important official statements of public policy that will be used to manage the future growth of the city. Periodically, current city practices and the following stormwater management sub-element goals, policies and objectives will be reviewed for conformity. Goal 1 The city will provide a stormwater management system designed to pmtect public health and the environment, and will construct and operate that system in an efficient manner. Objective 1.lThe design storm which shall be used as the basis for evaluating the existing drainage system as well as determining future system needs will be the 25 year frequency, 24 hour duration storm event, and improvements to the stormwater management system will be based on this design storm. Policy 1.1.1 The following Level Of Service standards are hereby established for Edgewater's stormwate.r management system.. Level A - No significant street flooding Level B - No major residential yard flooding Level C - No significant structure flooding Level D - No limitation on flooding Policy 1.1.2 The city will require pmposed new developments to provide evidence to show that LOS ratings in stormwater conveyances serving the new development will not be degraded to an LOS lower than currently exists as a result of the new development's construction and stormwater runoff contribution. Policy 1.1.3 The city will rigomusly enforce its subdivision regulations and stormwater management ordinances, and will require all new development to show that all applicable state and federal stormwater management requirements have been met prior to issuing a development permit. Objective 1.2 The city will ensure that all new developments include adequate stormwater management facilities to limit post-development runoff to pre- development rates and quantities for the 25 year, 24 hour design storm, and that such facilities are available concurrent with the development. Policy 1.2.1 The city will require developers to submit plans and specifications for stormwater management facilities to the city's engineer for review and appmval prior to obtaining a development permit. Policy 1.2.2 The city will require each new development to construct the stormwater management facilities required to provide adequate pmtection of upstream and downstream property owners. 9 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Objective 1.3 The city will provide proper operation and maintenance of existing and future stormwater management system facilities to ensure optimum system performance. Policy 1.3.1 The stormwater management system will be operated and maintained in compliance with applicable local, state and federal regulations. Policy 1.3.2 The city will prompdy report any violations of local, state or federal stormwater facility operating rules to the appropriate agency, and shall take immediate steps to correct any violations. Goal 2 The city shall plan for the orderly expansion or increase in capacity of the stormwater management system to meet future needs. . Objective 2.1 The city will coordinate with other jurisdictions to avoid duplication of stormwater management facility construction and operating costs by cooperative planning for service provision to future development. Policy 2.1.1 The city will continue to work with the City of New Smyrna Beach and with V olusia County toward a joint plan for the efficient utilization of the Gabordy Canal. Policy 2.1.2 Priority of improvements to the stormwater management system shall be: a) To protect public health and safety, or eliminate serious pollution problems. b) To enable full use of existing facilities, by proper maintenance practices to maximize system capacity. c)To provide a logical expansion of the stormwater management system within the City. 10 CITY OF EOGEWATER COMPREHENsrVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT POTABLE WATER SUB-ELEMENT FEBRUARY 2001 Prepared for; City of Edge water Planning Department 104 North Riverside Drive Edgewater, Florida 32132 Prepared by; B&H Consultants P.O. Box 740 Ocoee, FL 34761 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT POTABLE WATER SUB-ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION ................................................... 1 B. OVERVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 C. DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 D. REGULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 E. EXISTING CONDITIONS ............................................ 4 1. Watee Service Area ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 2. Existing Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 3. Water Supply .................................................. 4 4. Water Treatment ............................................... 4 5. Water Storage and High Service Pumping ........................... 5 6. Distribution System ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 7. Current Demand ............................................... 6 F. EXISTING LEVEL OF SERVICE...................................... 6 G. FUTURE NEEDS. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . .. 7 1. Future Demand ................................................ 7 2. Needed Water Supply Improvements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. 8 3. Needed Water Treatment Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 4. Needed Water Storage and High Service Pumping Improvements. . . ... .. 8 5. Needed Distribution System Improvements.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 9 6. Natural Resource Impacts . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9 H. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ................................ 10 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT POTABLE WATER SUB-ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE 1 ................................................................. 12 TABLE 2 ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 TABLE 3 ................................................................. 13 TABLE 4 ................................................................. 14 LIST OF MAPS MAP 1 MAP 2 11 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT POTABLE WATER SUB-ELEMENT A. INTRODUCTION The City of Edgewater is committed to providing an efficient and economical potable water supply for the residential, commercial and industrial customers within the City's utility service area. This potable water sub-element discusses the current state of the potable water facilities operated by the City and the future needs of the system. The City's service area extends outside its corporate limit, and the City and V olusia County have entered into agreements providing for water and sewer service in these unincorporated areas. These agreements underscore the strong commitment of both governments to provide efficient delivery of utility service, and to eliminate, to the extent feasible, private potable water wells and private water plants within the City's serv~ce area. In addition, these agreements support orderly development in the US 1 corridor in Edgewater and southern V olusia County. The City's water system consists of water supply wells and pumps, water treatment and storage facilities, high service pumps and the water distribution system. Each of these system components is described in detail and is analyzed with respect to regulatory agency requirements, existing needs and projected needs during the planning period. For areas of the current or projected system determined by this analysis to be deficient in some manner, this sub-element provides a plan for orderly, cost- effective corrective action. Goals, objectives and policies are provided to ensure the continued provision of effective and efficient water supply, treatment and distribution for the City's increasing water supply demands. B. OVERVIEW The water provided by the City of Edgewater to its customers is pumped from a series of wells. After the water is pumped out of the ground, it is treated to remove impurities, and is then pumped into storage tanks, or directly into the distribution system. The storage tanks are filled during periods of low water demand, and then serve as a buffer during periods of high demand, allowing overall system pressure to remain relatively stable despite widely varying demands during the course of a day. The distribution system consists of underground pipes of varying diameters, laid throughout the service area in a series of interconnected loops. These components of the potable water system are defined and are described in more detail in the following sections. C. DEFINITIONS 1. WATER WELL A hole or open column leading from the ground surface to a water-bearing underground soil strata. Municipal water wells are carefully monitored during construction to ensure that the water to be pumped from the well meets all applicable federal and state water quality standards. 1 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT 2. WELL PUMP Each water well is equipped with a motor-driven pump designed to draw water from the ground and pump it to a tank or into a distribution system. The combined pump and drive motor are normally referred to collectiyely as a well pump. The pumping mechanism is typically located inside the well column at some depth below ground, and is connected by a metal shaft to the driye motor, which is mounted at the top of the well column. 3. GROUND STORAGE TANK Typically a covered, circular tank constructed of reinforced concrete. Ground storage tanks are usually built on the surface of the ground, but may in some areas be built partially or entirely below ground. Water is pumped into the tank and is stored until needed, at which time it is pumped out of the tank into the distribution system. 4. ELEVATED STORAGE TANK Usually constructed of steel, elevated storage tanks are supported by one or more columns and provide the same water storage function as ground storage tanks. In addition to providing pure storage, eleyated storage tanks can be useful in maintaining system pressures since the water is stored at a relatiyely high elevation with respect to the distribution system. Due to this height, the water stored in an elevated storage tank exerts a significant hydraulic pressure on the distribution system, helping to keep system pressure in the desired range despite varying demands. 5. HIGH SERVICE PUMP The demands for water within a distribution system vary widely during the course of a day. Peak demands typically occur in the early morning and late eyening hours. These peak demands can be three or more times the normal demand, and this can be further exacerbated during a fire. In periods of high demand, without proper operation of the system, pressure within the distribution system can fall dangerously low. To meet these widely yarying demands, water plants use high service pumps. These pumps receive water from a storage tank at relatively low pressure, and due to the design of the pump, the water leaves the pump at a much higher pressure. High service pumps are ayailable in a variety of sizes, allowing a water utility to custom tailor a combination of pumps best suited to the range of water demands it typically experiences. 6. CHLORINATION Chlorine is used in potable water systems as a disinfectant. All water contains naturally occurring microorganisms. While some of these pose little threat to human health, others are known to cause illness and disease. Chlorine is mL-xed with the water to kill disease and illness causing microorganisms. 7. FILTRATION Filters are used in a water plant to remove small particles of organic or inorganic material which could cause an objectionable taste or odor in the fmished water. In addition, filters can remoye microorganisms that are not easily killed by chlorine, although this is more of a concern in areas where a surface water source such as a lake or stream is used, rather than underground wells. 2 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT 8. DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM The distribution system is composed of pipes of various materials and diameters. Pipe material is most commonly either ductile iron pipe (DIP) or polyvinyl chloride (pVC). Generally, pipes smaller than si..~ inches in diamete1: are not considered to be part of the main distribution system. Pipes smaller than two inches in diameter are usually considered to be service lines and are owned and maintained- by the individual property owner. D. REGULATIONS Water Treatment plant operation is controlled by several federal" state and local laws, statutes and ordinances. The federal government's Safe Drinking Water Act (PL 93-523) was enacted to establish minimum drinking water standards. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is charged with implementing the Act, and has established both primary and secondary drinking water standards, both measured in terms of Ma..~um Contaminant Levels (M.CL's). Primary MCL's address those contaminants that are most likely to directly affect public health, and are divided into the following five categories: 1. lnor~cchemicals 2. Organic chemicals 3. Radiological agents 4. Turbidity 5. Bacteriological contaminants Secondary MCL's address those contaminants that EP A has dete1:mined may be a nuisance if consumed in high concentrations. These substances primarily affect the aesthetic quality of water, but in high concentrations, adverse health effects may occur. At the state level, the Florida Legislature has adopted the Florida Safe Drinking Water Act under Section 403.850 of the Florida Statutes (F.S.). Section 403.852 ES. establishes the Florida Department of Environmental Pmtection (FDEP) as the state agency responsible for administering the Florida Safe Drinking Water Act. In its role as administrator of the Act, FDEP has promulgated rules under Chapter 62 of the Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.), classifying and regulating public water supply systems. Compliance with the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act primary and secondary standards is mandatory in Florida. . Also at the state level, the Florida Legislature has established several Water Management Districts that are responsible for managing water resources throughout tlle state to ensure optimum use of a limited resource. The City of Edgewater lies within the St. John's River Water Management District (S]RWMD). This agency is responsible for managing water supplies district-wide, to ensure that water supplies are available to meet current and future needs. Regulation of water consumption is accomplished by the issuance of a Consumptive Use Permit (CUP) to large water users such as public water supply systems and large agricultural ope1:ations. At the local level, the Volusia County Health Department (VCHD) enforces FDEP regulations related to water supply systems. Edgewater provides the VCHD with routine data on water quality and production in order to ensure compliance with FDEP regulations. 3 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT E. EXISTING CONDITIONS 1. Water Service Area The city's service area encompasses the incorporated city limit as well as areas west of and south of the city limit. The city's service area west of the city limit is a Chapter 180 Reserve Area, and the city's service area south of the city limit was established by an agreement executed in 1994 between Edgewater and V olusia County. Map 1 indicates the general boundaries of the city's service area. 2. Existing Permits The City of Edgewater operates its water plant under a Florida Department of Health permit. No. 64-58-00024. The Florida Department of Env1ronmental Protection has assigned ill No. 3640331 to Edgewater's water plant facilities. A Consumptive Use Permit No. 2-127-0513UGM3R issued by the St. John's River Water Management District authorizes Eclgewater to use water withdrawn from the Floridan aquifer for public supply. This permit was issued in 1998 and expires in 2003. 3. Water Supply The City of Edgewater draws 100 % of its water from the Floridan aquifer through 10 individual wells. These wells are located at two separate wellfield sites known as the "Alan R. Thomas", and the "western" wellfield sites. A third wellfield site, known as the Eastern wellfield, is no longer used. The five wells at this site have been taken out of service, and the cit)' intends to formally abandon the wells in accordance with applicable regulations. Six wells are located at the Thomas wellfield site, and four are located at the western wellfield site. The l~cation of these wellfields and other water utility sites are shown on Map 2. At the Thomas site, which was put into service in 1993, the si.~ wells are each 200 feet deep, and are each rated at a pumping capacity of 400 gallons per minute, for a combined pumping capacity of 2,400 gallons per minute. At the western site, which was put into service in 1985, the four wells are each 250 feet deep, and are each .rated at a pumping capacity of 400 gallons per minute, for a combined pumping capacity of 1,600 gallons per minute. The combined theoretical capacity of all ten operating wells is 4,000 gallons per minute, or 5.76 million gallons per day (MGD). The current Consumptive Use Permit issued by the St. John's River Water Management District allows a total annual withdrawal in 2000 of 781.1 MG from the two wellfields. Maximum daily withdrawal in 2000 is not to exceed 3.209 MGD. These figures rise to 905.2 MG and 3.719 MGD respectively in 2003, the last year of the current Cu.P. 4. Water Treatmentf Raw water is treated at the Thomas plant prior to being pumped into the distribution system. The plant's permitted treatment capacity is 5.0 million gallons per day. Water drawn from the wells is pumped to the treatment plant where it goes through several process~s designed to remove impurities and provide disinfection prior to consumption. 4 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PlAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Raw water is first aerated to release naturally occurring gases found in the raw water. The water then passes through to a lime softening process which is designed to reduce the hardness of the water. Typical hardness for the raw water is 320 milligrams per liter (mg/L) which is considered to be very hard water. After lime softening, the hardness is typically 80 mg/L which is considered to be moderately hard water, within the average hardness range for this area of the nation. Table 1 provides a summary of water hardness ratings. Chlorine is then added to the water as a disinfectant to kill microorganisms that are typically found in raw water sources. Chlorine is delivered to Edgewater's water plants in pressurized one ton cylinders. Chlorine gas is withdrawn from these cylinders and is mi.-xed with the water in a carefully measured, constantly monitored manner. NeA't, sand filters are used to remove remaining suspended solids and sediment. The four sand filters each have a capacity of 2.8 MGD for a combined flow capacity of 11.2 MGD. This allows two of the ftlters to be out of service for cleaning, and still maintain the plant's rated 5.0 MGD output through the remaining two ftlters. After filtration, the finished water is pumped by high service pumps into the distribution system for immediate consumption or storage, depending on current demand. An auxiliary generator located at the Thomas plant is designed to start automatically in the event of a power outage. The au.'liliary generator is capable of providing the power required to keep the water treatment process running until normal power is restored. 5. Water Storage and High Service Pumping The city stores water in four tanks located at various points throughout the city. · At the Thomas site, one million gallons of storage capacity is provided by a ground storage tank. At the Park Avenue site, 0.6 million gallons of storage capacity is provided by a ground storage tank, and an additional 0.1 million gallons of storage capacity is provided by an elevated storage tank. The total storage capacity at the Park Avenue site is 0.7 million gallons. In the Florida Shores subdivision, 0.15 million gallons of storage capacity is provided by an elevated storage tank. The locations of these tanks are shown on .Map 2. The total water stcn:age capacity provided by the combined tank capacities is 1.85 million gallons. To enhance system pressure and flow, the city operates several high service pumps. Three high service pumps are located at the Thomas site, and four high service pumps are located at a booster pumping station at the Park Avenue site. The location of theses sites are shown on .Map 2. . . . At the Thomas site, the three high service pumps are each rated at 3,500 gallons per minute, providing a combined high service pumping capacity of 10,500 gallons per minute. At the Park Avenue site, two of the high service pumps are rated at 750 gallons per minute, and the other two are rated at 900 gallons per minute. This provides a combined high service pumping capacity at the Park Avenue site of 3,300 gallons per minute. An auxiliary generator located at the Park Avenue site designed to start automatically in the event of a power 5 CITY OF EDGE\VATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT outage. The auxiliary gene!(1tor is capable of providing the power required to keep the high service pumps running until normal power is restored. The various high service pumps are operated individually or in combination according to system demand, to keep system pressure and flow rate within acceptable limits. 6. Distribution System The City of Edgewater operates a water distribution system consisting of approximately 150 miles of ,vater mains. In Edgewater, the distribution system pipes range in size from two inches in diameter to twenty inches in diameter. The city maintains the many water valves and fire hydrants which are installed at various points within the distribution system. Regular maintenance of these components ensures that ma.ximum fue f1ghting capacity is available when needed, and also ensures that in the event of a water main break, the affected area can be isolated with minimal loss of water or interruption of service. Table 2 provides a summary of the existing water system facilities. 7. Current Demand Approximately 8,000 connections to Edgewater's water distribution system currendy provide residential water service to a population of approximately 18,900. Vaoous commercial and light industrial customers are served by approximately 300 additional connections to the water distribution system. Over the most recent twelve months, the water system pumped an average of 1.86 million gallons per day from the ground. Approximately 024 MGD of this was used for in-plant purposes, leaving 1.62 MGD which was pumped into the distribution system. Of this 1.62 MGD, approximately 0.24 MGD was used by Volusia County residents and businesses served by Edgewater's plant. Flow to the County is measured by a master meter located near the southern boundary of the city along U.S. 1. Of the remaining 1.38 MGD, approximately 1.25 MGD was used for residential service, and the balance of 0.13 MGD was used for various comme.rcial and light industrial service. Table 3 provides a summary of current water demand. Based on the current average demand of 1.86 MGD, the city's water treatment plant has an excess capacity of 3.14 MGD. F. EXISTING LEVEL OF SERVICE In determining a level of service for Edgewater's water system, the city's current provision of reclaimed water to only a portion of its total customer base was taken into account. Flow records for both the water system and the reclaimed water system were analyzed to determine what effect the availability of reclaimed water had on total water consumption patterns. In areas where reclaimed water ~ currently available, average total per capita consumption of water, both potable and reclaimed, was determined to be approximately 310 gallons per day (gpd). The potable water system supplied approximately 50 gpd of this amount, and the reclaimed water system supplied the remaining 260 gpd. The 260 gpd of reclaimed water demand is almost exclusively for landscape irrigation, as there are no provisions in Edgewater for the use of reclaimed water for fuef1ghting, toilet flushing, or similar uses. Currently, the City does not meter reclaimed water at each service point, so there is little incentive 6 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSNEPLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT for reclaimed wate:r consumers to limit their- consumption. This is the primary reason that reclaimed flow to residential services is so high. As long as the total demand does not exceed supply, this is not a problem. As demand grows through the addition of new development which is plumbed for reclaimed water, the City will need to increase its supply. In those areas where recbimed water is not currently available, average per capita consumption was determined to be approximately 80 gpd. This is correlates well with the potable demand of 50 gpd where reclaimed water ili available, since in the areas where reclaimed ili not available, potable water is the sole source for consumption, washing, and irrigation. . The City of Edgewater must adopt a potable water system level of service which will ensure adequate water supply for current customers as well as for future new development, without relying on non-potable sources. Although non-potable sources are currently used to augment potable water supply in meeting total water demand, and the City intends to maximize this non-potable augmentation, it must be acknowledged that future regulatory requirements related to non-potable sources may reduce the City's ability to rely on those non-potable sources. Based on the above information, the City of Edgewater has confirmed that its current potable water system level of service of 100 gallons of potable water per person per day is adequate to serve current and projected potable water demands. G. FUTURE NEEDS 1. Future Demand The potential growth within the City during the planning period is pwjected to increase the city's population from the current 18,900 to approximately 34,500. This population increase of 15,600, at a potable water system level of service of 100 gallons per capita per day (gpcd), equates to an additional demand of approximately 1.56 MGD. In addition, in the area of Vol usia County identified by Volusia County and Edgewater as planned to be served by Edgewater's water system, a population increase of appwximately 22,000 is projected during the planning period. At a water system level of service of 100 gpcd, this equates to an additional demand of approximately 2.2 MGD. The total projected population increase within the City's service area during the planning period is thus 37,600, which equates to a total increase in potable water demand of3.76 MGD. That increase in demand, added to the current demand of 1.86 MGD will equal a total demand on Edgewater's water system of appwximately 5.62 MGD. This pwjected future demand exceeds Edgewater's current water treatment plant capacity of 5.0 MGD by 0.62 MGD, or 12%. At the projected rate of population growth, the current 5.0 MGD treatment capacity of Edgewater's facilities would not be exceeded until sometime between 2015 and 2020. In the fifteen year period between the date of this report and 2015, the City of Edgewater and V olusia County will monitor growth patterns to determine whether they are following the projections in this report. If they are, no additional water system supply or treatment improvements are anticipated until at least 2015. If not, the City of Edgewater and Volusia County will identify the most efficient method of improving supply and treatment levels to meet demand, and will have adequate time to plan and implement those changes. 7 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT The City will continue to encourage water conservation, and will expand its reclaimed water system into new areas as development occurs and the reclaimed water supply allows. The County will make reclaimed water from its new wastewater treatment plant available to some areas of the county planned to be served by Edgewater's water system. With efforts such as these, it is possible that the total demand for potable water within Edgewater's service area may be kept within the current supply and treatment capacity of the city's facilities. Table 4 provides a summary of the service area water demand and population projections. 2. Needed Water Supply Improvements The projected year 2020 average daily demand is 5.62 MGD. The combined theoretical production capacity of all ten of the existing wells is 5.76 MGD. However, simultaneous full withdrawal from all ten wells is not feasible due to water quality and system hydraulics restrictions. The St. Johns River Water Management District has conducted water modeling studies which indicate that with the addition of two more wells, Edgewater's water supply system could support a total yield of approximately 4.1 MGD. This means that even with the addition of two new wells, Edgewater,s ability to supply projected water demand will be exceeded sometime between 2010 and 2015. In recognition of this impending shortfall, the City has begun searching for additional wellfield sites, and will conduct studies to determine the location, withdrawal characteristics and number of new wells required to meet projected demand requirements. The City will continue to monitor water quality as required, and will closely monitor development activity to ensure that surface activity is not allowed which might adversely affect the underground water supply. The wells will be routinely monitored for pump efficiency, and repairs will be made as required to keep all pumps and related equipment in peak operational condition. 3. Needed Water Treatment Improvements As noted above, the projected future water demand will exceed the current treatment capacity of Edgewater's plant sometime between 2015 and 2020 by a fairly small amount. During the planning period, the City and County will closely monitor actual demand to determine whether the demand is increasing as projected in this report. If actual demand trends indicate the probable need for additional treatment capacity, there will be adequate time for the City and County to jointly determine the most cost effective means of addressing the shortfall. 4. Needed Water Storage and High Service Pumping Improvements Water storage capacity should equal at least half the average daily demand. The combined capacity of Edgewater's four water storage tanks is 1.85 million gallons, which exceeds the current average daily demand of 1.62 MGD, and is 33% of the 2020 projected average daily demand of 5.56 MGD. A combined storage capacity of 1.85 MG is adequate for an average daily demand of3.7 MGD. At the projected population growth rate, and using a level of service standard of 100 gpcd, the demand on the Edgewater system will reach 3.7 MGD sometime between 2005 and 2010. At this point, additional storage capacity will be needed. By 2005, the City will determine the most efficient and effective location for additional storage facilities, and will take the necessary steps to increase storage ca{Y<lcity from 1.85 MG to 2.8 MG to serve the projected average daily demand of 5.62 MGD. 8 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT To meet increased demand, high service pumping capacity will be increased by one or more of several me211S. First, existing high service pumps can be replaced with higher capacity units. Second, additional high service pumps can be installed in existing plant facilities, and third, as new wellfields are developed, associated high service pumping facilities will be designed and constructed. The order in which these incremental changes are made will depend on the rate of growth and on the location of high-growth areas with respect to the existing water supply system. The demand for reclaimed water is also expected to increase, and the City has received a permit from the St. John's River Water Management District allowing augmentation of the current reclaimed water supply by withdrawing water from a stormwater retention area located near the City's wastewater treatment plant. This permit allows withdrawal from the retention area of up to 1.0 MGD (annual average daily flow), which will serve a population increase of approximately 3,850 at the current per capita demand of 260 gpd. 5. Needed Distribution System Improvements The current distribution system is adequate to serve existing demand. Future additional demand on the water system will be brought about primarily by new development. As new development is proposed, the City will require that the necessary improvements to the water distribution system be built as part of the proposed development infrastructure. The City will continue to maintain the existing and future expanded distribution system to ensure optimum flow and pressure to its customers. 6. Natural Resources Impacts The City will continue to protect the environmentally sensitive areas within its service area by strictly enforcing its planning and development regulations and ordinances regarding protection of designated conservation areas. To reduce the potential for saltwater intrusion into the Floridan Aquifer in the area, the City has taken the Eastern wellfield out of service. In addition, the City is actively promoting the use of reclaimed water for irrigation, to reduce the amount of water withdrawn from the aquifer for: non-potable purposes. 9 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSNEPLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT H. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES Goals policies and objectives are crucial to the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan and each of the elements and sub-elements. They represent important official statements of public policy that will be used to manage the future growth of the city. . Periodically, current city practices and the following potable water sub-element goals, policies and objectives will be reviewed for conformity. Goal 1 The city will provide potable water supply and treatment facilities designed to protect public health and the environment, will cause those facilities to be available concurrent with development and will construct and operate those facilities in an efficient manner. Objective 1.1 The city will ensure that sufficient potable water supply and treatment capacity exists prior to the issuance of new development approvals. Policy 1.1.1 An average potable water demand of 1 00 gallons per capita per day is hereby established as the standard level of service for Edgewater's potable water system. Policy 1.1.2 The established level of service standard of 100 gpcd will be used to determine the capacity demand generated by proposed development. Policy 1.1.3 All proposed improvements to the potable water system, including capacity increase, system expansion or facility replacement will be consistent with the established level of service standard. Objective 1.2 The city will ensure that all potable water facilities required to support proposed development are available concurrent with such development. Policy 1.2.1 The city will require developers to purchase required potable water capacity prior to obtaining a development permit. Policy 1.2.2 The city will require each new development to construct the potable water system facilities needed to connect to the existing system. Objective 1.3 The city will provide proper operation and maintenance of existing and future potable water system facilities to ensure optimum system performance. Policy 1.3.1 The potable water system will be operated and maintained in compliance with applicable local, state and federal regulations. Policy 1.3.2 The city will promptly report any violations of local, state 01: federal potable water facility operating rules to the appropriate agency, and shall take immediate steps to correct any violations. Policy 1.3.3 The city will employ water treatment plant operators with appropriate and current state water treatment plant operator certification. 10 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Goal 2 The city shall plan for the expansion or increase in capacity of the potable water system to meet future needs. Objective 2.1 The city will coordinate with other jurisdictions to avoid duplication of potable water facility construction and operating costs by cooperative planning fen: service provision to future development. Policy 2.1.1 The city will comply with the terms of the 1999 interlocal agreement between the Gty of Edgewate.r and V olusia County with regard to provision of potable water service to city and county residents. Policy 2.1.2 Priority of expansion of the potable water system shall be: a) To protect public health and safety, or eliminate serious pollution problems. b) To enable full use of existing facilities, by in-fill development in areas of current service availability. c) To provide a logical e},..1:ension of existing facilities and service within the Gty's service area. 11 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Table 1 City of Edgewater Water Hardness Standard Rating Scale (1) Hardness Rating Grains / Gallon Parts Per Million (mg/L) Soft <1.0 <17.1 Slightly Hard 1.0 - 3.5 17.1 - 60 Moderately Hard 3.5 - 7.0 60 - 120 Hard 7.0 - 10.5 120 - 180 Very Hard >10.5 >180 (1) Established by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Water Quality Association Table 2 City of Edgewater Summary of Water System Facilities Production Capacity 5.76 MGD Permitted Treatment Capacity 5.0 MGD Filtration Capacity 5.6 MGD (1) High Service Pumping Capacity 9.9 MGD(2) Storage Capacity 1.85 MG (1) Filtration capacity with two of the four filters out of service for maintenance. (2) High service pumping capacity with pumps running at 50% duty cycle. 12 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT Table 3 City of Edgewater Summary of Existing Water Demand Measured 12 Mo. County Residential Commercial Maximum Daily (2) Period A vg. Daily Demand Demand Demand (1) Demand (.MGD) Demand July 1999 1.86 MGD 0.24 MGD 1.25 MGD 0.37 MGD 2.54 MGD to June 2000 (1) Combined in-plant, commercial and industrial uses (2) Maximum Day Demand occurred January 22, 2000 i,~"!':-:"; 13 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSNEPLAN UTIUTIES ELEMENT Table 4 City of Edge"rater Service Area Water Demand and Population Projections Year Projected City Projected County Projected Total Projected Population (1) Population Served Population Served Average Daily by City(2) Demand (3) (MGD) 2000 18,865 2,350 21,215 2,121,500 2005 22,865 7,267 30,132 3,013,200 2010 26,398 12,178 38,576 3,857,600 2015 30,262 17,089 47,351 4,735,100 2016 31,106 18,071 49,177 4,917,700 2017 31,950 19,053 51,003 5,100,300 2018 32,794 20,036 52,830 5,283,000 2019 33,638 21,018 54,656 5,465,600 2020 34,481 22,000 56,481 5,648,100 (1) Years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 & 2020 by Land Design Innovations, Inc. Years 2016, 2017, 2018, & 2019 are estimated by linear interpolation of above data. (2) Year 2000 figure is estimated, based on current flow to county of .235 MGD and LOS = 100 gpcd. Year 2020 is based on Volusia County Future Land Use map allowable densities. Years 2005 through 2019 are estimated by linear interpolation. (3) Year.2000 is actual average daily demand. Years 2005 to 2020 are based on 100 gpcd. 14 CITY OF EOGEW A TER COMPREHENsrVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT NATURAL GROUNDWATER & AQUIFER RECHARGE SUB-ELEMENT APIRL 2001 Prepared for: City of Edge water Planning Department 104 North Riverside Drive Edgewater, Florida 32132 Prepared by: B&H Consultants P.O. Box 740 Ocoee, FL 34761 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT NATURAL GROUNDWATER AQUIFER RECHARGE SUB-ELEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS A. INTRODUCTION .............................................. . . . .. 1 B. REGULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2 C. EXISTING CONDITIONS ......................"...................... 2 D. FUTURE NEEDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 E. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ................................. 4 1 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PlAN UTILITIES ELEMENT CHAPTER IV - UTILITIES ELEMENT NATURAL GROUNDWATER AQUIFER RECHARGE SUB-ELEMENT A. INTRODUCTION Pockets of water which are found beneath much of the surface of the earth are called aquifers. These aquifers vary from a few thousand square yards to thousands of square miles in size. Aquifers are composed of varying combinations of porous rock formations, gravel and sand deposits, and unconsolidated organic material. The water that is found in an aquifer originates as rainfall which falls on the surface of the earth and percolates through the soil. According to the St. John's River Water Management District, in the Edgewater area, there are three significant aquifers known as the surficial, the intermediate and the Floridan. These three aquifers are separated by low permeability layers of material called confining layers. The surficial aquifer lies just below the surface of the ground, and the top of the saturated surficial aquifer soil strata is also called the groundwater table. The quality of the water in the surficial aquifer is generally good, although saltwater intrusion can be a problem in areas near the coast. The intermediate aquifer is composed of intermingled layers of sand, shell and limestone. These soil layers are intermi.xed with layers of dayey sand and clay which act as confining layers. The intermediate aquifer's upper boundary consists oflow permeability soils which inhibit vertical water movement. These soils also form the lower boundary of the surficial aquifer. The intermediate aquifer lies above the Floridan aquifer, and is separated from the Floridan by low permeability soil strata. As with the surficial aquifer, water quality in the intermediate aquifer in the vicinity of Edgewater is generally good. The Floridan aquifer is one of the most productive aquifers in the country, and stretches into Florida from points as far north as South Carolina and as far west as Alabama. The Floridan aquifer is primarily comprised of highly permeable limestone. In some areas, the Floridan aquifer is separated into two layers called the upper and lower Floridan, by a less permeable layer of limestone. The Floridan aquifer can be found at land surface in some locations and at depths of 500 to 1,000 feet in other areas. The quality of water within the Floridan aquifer varies from non- potable water along some coastal areas, to potable water at depths greater than 2,000 feet in the interior parts of Florida. Because of the generally porous nature of near-surface soils, the surficial aquifer is directly connected to many of the ditches, streams and lakes in the Edgewater area. As such, it is affected greatly by the quality of the water in those water bodies. Water in the surficial aquifer tends to seek a path toward lower aquifers under the influence of gravity, and finds those paths in areas where the confining layers are breached. These breaches may be due to areas of higher-porosity soils, or in eJ\.1:reme cases, by sinkhole activity. As water percolates downward toward a lower aquifer layer, the action of microbes and bacteria in the soil tends to cleanse it of many of the contaminants that may be found in near-surface aquifers. . Water is withdrawn from an aquifer either by artesian flow, lateral flow toward a discharge point such as a lake or stream, or by artificial withdrawal through pumped wells. Aquifer recharge is the process by which the water volume in an aquifer is replenished. An aquifer's recharge rate is dependent on the nature of the soil and rock strata through which water must travel to enter the aquifer. Aquifer recharge rates are reduced by development activity through loss of permeable land 1 CITY OF EDGEW ATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT surface, and by ditching and diversion of water from closed basins. B. REGULATIONS The Federal Safe Drinking Water Act (p.L. 93-523) requires that state and local governments work together to safeguard public water supplies by protecting public water supply wellfields and the aquifers from which they draw water. This protection is to be accomplished by the delineation of wellfield protection areas, and the estc'lblishmentandenforcement of regulations designed to prevent potential contamination of the aquifers supplying water to the wellfields. Section 373.0391 of Florida Statutes requires the various water management districts to provide information to local governments regarding aquifer recharge areas. Section 373.0395 of Florida Statutes requires the water management districts to include "prime groundwater recharge areas" in their groundwater availability inventories. On October 1, 1990, the City of Edgewater established protection of the aquifer as a priority through the adoption of Ordinance No. 90-0-36 which provides for the establishment and enforcement of wellfield protection zones. This ordinance regulates the storage, handling, use or production of hazardous substances within zones of protection surrounding potable water supply wells. The ordinance establishes primary and secondary well field protection zones with radii of 200 feet and 800 feet respectively from potable water supply well fields. The ordinance also establishes a permitting process through which the City regulates activities which might have an adverse effect on underground water supplies. Through this protection zone concept, the City maximizes the extent to which aquifer recharge is accomplished with safe, clean water. In addition to Ordinance No. 90-0-36, the City of Edgewater's subdivision development and stormwater utility ordinances contain requirements that emphasize the need to maximize aquifer recharge through the use of retention and detention facilities in new developments and the preservation of natural drainage features where possible. C. EXISTING CONDITIONS The aquifer system under the Edgewater area generally consists of the surficial, intermediate and Floridan aquifers. These aquifers are separated by low permeability confining layers, and in general, have few significant connections through con~g layer breaches. Figure 1 indicates the Floridan aquifer recharge characteristics in the Edgewater area. It should be noted that the recharge potential of the majority of the Edgewater area is quite low. As can be seen fmm Figure 1, the aquifer recharge rate within the majority of the Edgewater area is less than four inches per year, w.ith recharge rates of four to eight inches per year only along the far western limits of the City's potential boundaries. It is estimated that less than ten percent of the annual rainfall in the Edgewater area percolates into the Floridan aquifer. At present, the Edgewater area contains no designated prime groundwater recharge areas. In the Florida Shores subdivision area of Edgewater, homes were constructed using septic tanks andsdrain fields for sewage treatment. This sewage treatment technique was poorly suited for the area due to the high groundwater table and low permeability soils. Stormwater runoff in the ditches and canals in Edgewater exhibited varying degrees of contamination from these septic tank systems, with a resultant decline in groundwater and surface water quality. In the mid 1990's Edgewater constructed a gravity sewer collection system in the Florida Shores 2 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT subdivision which collects sewage and transp01"ts it to the City's wastewater treatment plant. This sewage collection system has virtually eliminated the water quality problems associated with the prior septic tank systems. The City of Edgewater has also implemented a reclaimed water system that produces and distributes highly treated wastewater effluent to homes and businesses for irrigation purposes. The reclaimed water system currently provides an average flow of nearly 1.2 million gallons per day for irrigation purposes to homes and businesses within Edgewater. By providing this alternate water source to its customers, Edgewater has significantly reduced the total withdrawal demand on the aquifer system. This has the added benefit of enhancing aquifer recharge through the application of treated effluent over a wide land area rather than as a point discharge from the wastewater treatment plant. D. FUTURE NEEDS Because of the low recharge characteristics of the Edgewater area, a local aquifer recharge program would have limited.effect. Since the aquifer system is so varied, and serves many diffe.rent interests and jurisdictions, the most effective protection and recharge benefits can be derived by the development and application of aquifer recharge programs on a regional basis. To that end, the St. John's River Water Management District has been charged by the Florida Legislature with managing water resources within the District to ensure continued availability while maximizing the environmental and economic benefits of the district's surface and sub-surface water resources. The District has worked with state, county and local governmental entities to develop water supply assessments and alternative water supply strategies, and has recently completed a District Water Supply Plan. One of the major components of the District Water Supply Plan is a Central Florida Aquifer Recharge Enhancement Program. Working in concert with the St John's River Water Management District, the City of Edgewater will playa key role in the District's development of a regional aquifer recharge and protection program. The City of Edgewater will continue to enforce its subdivision and stormwater regulations to enhance aquifer recharge through the use of retention/ detention facilities in new developments. Through detailed review of potential development projects, the City will also continue to protect wetlands and other areas of greatest recharge potential; To the e:l..'tent feasible, the City will expand its reclaimed water system which will further enhance the City's efforts to protect the quantity and quality of water in the aquifer system. 3 CITY OF EDGEWATER COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UTILITIES ELEMENT E. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES Goals policies and objectives are crucial to the implementation of the Comprehensive Plan and each of the elements and sub-elements. They represent important official statements of public policy that will be used to manage the future growth of the city. Periodically, current city practices and the following natural groundwater aquifer recharge sub- element goals, policies and objectives will be reviewed fOJ: conformity. Goal 1 The City will protect and maintain the functions of natural groundwater aquifer recharge areas within the City's existing and future service areas. Objective 1The City will coordinate with other governmental and regulatory agencies to protect and enhance recharge capabilities of areas within the City's current and future service areas. Policy 1.1 The City will work in cooperation with the St. John's River Vv'ater Management District and V olusia County to delineate areas of highest recharge potential in the City's current and future service areas. Policy 1.2 The City shall designate the areas of greatest recharge potential as conservation areas on the City's future land use map. Objective 2The City will require the protection of aquifer recharge areas through development and implementation of appropriate regulations. Policy 2.1 The City's subdivision regulations related to inclusion of recharge areas in open space preservation requirements shall be enforced. Policy 2.2 The City will promote the use of storm water runoff retention for the purpose of maximizing groundwater aquifer recharge by strictly enforcing existing subdivision regulations. The City will coordinate 'with county and state agencies to achieve regional aquifer recharge protection objectives by enacting ordinances which are consistent with county and state standards. Policy 2.3 4 s:: )> -u en d CD m c en m o 11 o ;;0 G> ~ :r: o -u c ~ ~ o en m en ~ ~Cl1 ~ z c f!. z o :r: m en o 11 ;;0 m o :r: ~ G> m ~ w~z m w 0 0 0 Q .... :< : " eN 0 0 0 ." 0 q ~ G) rn "T1 ~ (t) (t) - ~ ::tJ N A 00 4000 Feet 2000 0 20 I I f- N A . t 1 Western Wellfield 2 Alan R. Thomas Water Treatment Plant & Wellfield 3 Eastern Wellfield 4 Park Ave. Water Plant 5 Florida Shores Elevated Tank 6 Wastewater Treatment Plant ~ER \Yl'l.\~ EDGE'" ~ ~DMl~ ~^\\O 2000 0 2000 4000 Feet I