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09-19-1977 - Regular u u , CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF EDGEWATER REGULAR MEETING HELD September 19, 1977 Mayor Armstrong called the regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Edgewater, Florida to order Monday, September 19, 1977 at 7:30 P.M. ROLL CALL: Mayor Dana T. Armstrong Councilwoman Ryta F. Webber Councilman Carl Shell Councilman Walter B. Sikes Councilman Calvin R. Dietz City Attorney Judson Woods City Clerk Sue Blackwell Police Chief Earl Baugh Present Excused - Came back later during meeting Present Present Present Present Present Present INVOCATION .- SALUTE TO FLAG ~ APPROVAL OF MINUTES: Mayor Armstrong explained that there are a number of sets of minutes to be approved because of the budget workshop meetings that the Council has been having. He ex- plained that there were some of the meetings that all the Council members were not present at, therefore each set should be approved separately. As the Council went down the list of minutes, the City Clerk told them which members of the Council were absent. Councilman Dietz made a motion to approve the minutes of the meeting held July 27, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 3-1. Mayor Armstrong stating that being absent he votes NO. Councilman Shell made a motion to approve the minutes of the meeting held August 3, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 4-1. At this time Councilwoman Webber entered the meeting. Councilman Dietz made a motion to approve the minutes of the meeting held August 9, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Councilman Sikes made a motion to approve the minutes of the meeting held August 11, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 3-2. Councilwoman Webber and Councilman Dietz both voting NO. Councilman Dietz made a motion to approve the minutes of the meeting held August 16, being seconded by Councilwoman Webber. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 4-1. Mayor Armstrong voting NO. Councilwoman Webber made a motion to approve the minutes of the meeting held August 18, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. u o Councilman Dietz made a motion to approve the minutes of the regular meeting held August 29, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. BILLS AND ACCOUNTS: Mayor Armstrong read the total of the bills in the General Fund account. Councilman Dietz made a motion to pay these bills, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Mayor Armstrong read the total of the bills in the Water and Wastewater account. Councilman Dietz made a motion to pay these bills, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Mayor Armstrong read the total of the bills in Capital Improvements. Councilman Sikes made a motion to pay these bills, being seconded by Council- woman Webber. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Tape lB At this time Mr. Fernandez was given the floor. He made a presentation in regard to the 201 Plan. He went into detail explaining the different phases of this operation. He explained that what we expect to happen is that these lines will be a portion of the final 201 submitted to the D.E.R. and the E.P.A. and when they concur with these recommendations they would become illegible items and at some point in the future when construction was desired, applica- tion could be submitted to the department for step 2 and step 3 funding. At present the Federal share would be 75%. He added that at this time there is no commitment in the 201 for the City of Edgewater to spend any money, until approximately 1990 or 1995 for the Treatment Plant. He read the recommenda- tions from the report, copies of which the members of the Council had. Mayor Armstrong stated that he highly recommmends that the Council adopts this program because it is very well done, and written by two very good engineering firms in the area. There was one other item that Mr. Fernandez was asked to explain to the Council and it was decided to go into this now. The bill from the Meridith Corporation was the item. He explained that they are asking for $21,937.50 and he went over what exactly this is for. Mr. Fernandez also explained that the bill from McMahan Construction Company is for the payment of the amount of money that was held on retainer while we were waiting for the material to arrive under the change order. Councilman Dietz stated that this does not pay for the change order. Mr. Fernandez stated that this is correct. Mayor Armstrong stated that we had a billing on July 27, 1977 which shows $463,147.42, which at that time the Consulting Engineers had been paid on a percentage basis according to our contract $12,504.98 and representing 100% payment. This all meaning that the job was completed July 27, 1977 and now we are coming up with a bill for $23,000 and this does not include the change order for the skimmer bars and so on? Mr. Fernandez stated that the total amount due to date is $464,263. He explained that the bill that he has now is from May 28, to June 30, 1977. Mayor Armstrong asked if this has been approved by Farmers Home? The City Clerk explained that we have to sign it and send it over to them. -2- ~ Q o Mayor Armstrong suggested that we go ahead and take some action on this matter. Councilman Sikes made a motion that we authorize the City progress payment of $23,273.77 after approval by Farmer's Construction account, being seconded by Councilman Dietz. said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Clerk to pay the Home on the McMahan Upon roll call vote Mayor Armstrong now entertained a motion to direct the City Clerk to pay the bill from Meridith Corporation. Councilman Dietz made a motion to pay the Meridith bill, being seconded by Councilwoman Webber. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. There was discussion about a few other items on the agenda that the Council would like to discuss while Mr. Fernandez is present. Mayor Armstrong stated that if there are no objections we will go ahead with the Resolution in regard to the 201 Plan at this time. RES. NO. 732 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF EDGEWATER ADOPTING AND APPROVING ALTERNATIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE 201 FACILITIES PLAN FOR SOUTH COASTAL VOLUSIA COUNTY, REPEALING ALL RESOLUTIONS IN CONFLICT HEREWITH AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. Attoreny Woods read this Resolution in full. Councilman Dietz made a motion to adopt this Resolution, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. At this time the Council went to the bids for the equipment for Lift Station #4. The City Clerk read a certification of bids. The bids were opened and read to the Council. The Council discussed these bids with Mr. Fernandez. Councilman Dietz made a motion that we table these bids and give the engineers time to study them over and give us a recommendation at our next meeting, being seconded by Councilwoman Webber. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. COMMUNICATIONS: The City Clerk read a notice that the Florida Insurance Department is having a workshop September 26th in Orlando at 9:00 A.M. Councilman Sikes made a motion that the Council members if at all possible, attend this meeting, the necessary mileage and expense be paid, being seconded by Councilman Dietz. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. The City Clerk read a letter from the Robert Sample, Staff Accountant from the Department of Finance, in regard to the fact that we owe the County of Vo1usia $309.32 for some money they sent us on some taxes. Mayor Armstrong explained this to the people. He added that we need a motion to pay this. Councilman Dietz made a motion that we send a check to the County to reimburse them, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. The City Clerk read a letter from the Board of Adjustments in regard to a variance that was granted to Mr. John A. Schwartz. Councilman Sikes stated that he thought that the Council decided that they were to get all recommendations from the boards with a signature on them. He said that he is not voting on it unless it is signed. Mr. Millard, Chairman of the Board of Adjustments was in the audience and he was asked to sign the original of this recommendation. -3- Q o Councilman Dietz made a motion that we accept the recommendation of the board, being seconded by Councilwoman Webber. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Councilman Dietz made a motion that we instruct our attorney to draw up a Resolution showing this variance being granted by the Council, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. The City Clerk read a letter from the Department of Community Affairs in regard to the Legislature appropriating $750,000 to assist Cities and Counties in meeting the requirements of the Local Comprehensive Planning Act of 1975. She said that a lot of information is attached to this. She said that she thought that she would ask Mr. Schilling to help fill this out, however she wanted to bring this to the Council IS attention. The City Clerk read a letter from Mr. Robert Christy to the Mayor and City Council resigning as Director of the Civil Defense in order to become a candidate for the office of Mayor. This resignation to be effective as of November 8th. Councilwoman Webber made a motion to accept this resignation, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote sai.d motion CARRIED, 4-1. Mayor Armstrong voting NO. The City Clerk read a letter from Mr. Calvin Dietz to the Mayor and City Council resigning as Council representative from Zone 4 in order to become a candidate for the office of Mayor. This resignation to be effective as of November 8th. Tape 2B Councilwoman Webber made a motion to accept this resignation, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Mrs. Woodard questioned the vacancy of the Council seat that may result in the event Mr. Dietz is to win. She asked if there would be an election to fill the seat, and if it is true that as of this date petitions can be picked up for the opening if it occurs? She read from the information she received from Mr. Hall pertaining to her resignation from the board she was on. Councilman Dietz stated that on a referendum it was passed that any unoccupied seat on the City Council for an unfinished term would be appointed by the City Council unless it got to the point where a decision could not be made then it would go to an election. He stated that he would like this referred to our attorney. Mrs. Woodard read further from the information that she had. Mayor Armstrong explained this also, he said that we did have a referendum on this and it was passed. There was more discussion about this being the law. Councilman Sikes asked if we could have our attorneyls opinion on this. Attorney Woods stated that he would feel that the City is bound by the Florida Statutes. Mayor Armstrong stated that this brings up a question to him. Is a resignation effective on November 8th, submitted on this date complying with the Florida Statutes. Attorney Woods stated that this was done right. The resignation was submitted ten days before, and this complies with the election law. There was some discussion about what recently happened in Daytona Beach on a matter of this sort. Councilman Dietz asked if this has to be advertised that there may be a vacancy? -4- o o Mayor Armstrong stated that no one can be appointed until such time as the seat is declared vacant. The resignation does not go into effect until November 8th. Mrs. Woodard spoke again about this, stating that if Mr. Dietz wins there will be a vacant seat, and if he doesn't he will go back into his Council seat. It was explained to her that there will be a vacancy on November 8th no matter if Councilman Dietz wins the election or not. Attorney Woods stated that Councilman Dietz can not serve Zone 4 on election day. As of that day there will be a vacancy on that seat. At this time there was discussion about the recent resignation of the Mayor of New Smyrna. Mayor Armstrong stated that the only way to change this is to put it on a referendum. He asked for the roll call on the resignation. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. The City Clerk read a letter from Edgar M. Dunn in regard to appointing a represenative from the City of Edgewater to become a voting member of the Volusia Coastal Area Metropolitan Planning Organization. She explained that the contents of this letter is that we are too small of an area to have a representative. This was a matter of information, no action was taken. The City Clerk read a letter from Charles A. Hall, attorney for Mr. and Mrs. Sauers, owners of Carter's Motel and Mobile Home Park, in regard to the zoning of their property. They have a chance to sell this property however the zoning is jeopardizing the sale. They would like this rezoned or have the Motel listed as an accessory use. This was discussed with the City ~ttorney. Councilman Dietz stated that he feels that the rezoning of this was done in error. The front part of this property should have been zoned B-3. Mayor Armstrong stated that he thinks that we can get the information on this tonight and come to a solution. A recess was called in order to get the needed information to discuss this matter further. The Council went over this matter thoroughly with the City~Attorney. Attorney Woods stated that it would seem feasible to allow these people to maintain that B-3 Zoning on the highway property. He stated that the Council can handle this, however they will have to go through the normal channels of holding a Public Hearin~. You have to comply with the law. Councilman Dietz made a motion to instruct the City Clerk to take the necessary action to advertise for a Public Hearing on October lOth for the rezoning of the Carter Motel property to a classification on the front of it will be B-3 and the back of it to remain MH-l, he asked at this time about the footage... Attorney Woods stated that he thinks you had better get a request from the property owner to rezone this. Councilman Dietz stated that he will amend his motion for the City Clerk to instruct them to proceed immediately with a request, and as the request is made then to go ahead and advertise for the lOth of October and send the letter certified and sealed by the City Clerk notifying them that it is the intention of the City Council to proceed with the proper zoning changes to make this compatible with the sale, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Councilman Dietz added that we will waive the $50.00 fee in this matter, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote on the amendment about the fee, said motion CARRIED, 5-0. -5- u o Upon roll call vote on the original motion, said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Mayor Armstrong stated that he has a letter from Bill Conway addressed to Volusia County Council of Governments, which he was given at the meeting last week. Mr. Conway is asking the municipalities if they have any sug- gestions or changes in the present election laws that were adopted in this last session. If we have any they should be brought to their attention by October the 8th, for their meeting. Mayor Armstrong also said that he is proud to say that the 208 Water Quality reports show that Halifax River from a point just south of Port Orange down to the Volusia County line is safe for any kind of fishing, bathing and so on. The report on the water north of this shows that the water is practically a cess pool. He went on to explain that they are looking into various ways of treating this situation. Councilman Sikes stated that we were in trouble until we got the new Water Plant. Mayor Armstrong stated that we have gone a long way and we still have a ways to go. Councilman Dietz stated that he would like to inform the people that New Smyrna Beach is in dire trouble because of the fact that they are pumping salt and a million gallons a day out of those wells. They are trying to buy new land now. He added that we have to get our new plant, because we don't want to get con- nected to that because the costs are going to be terrific. Mayor Armstrong stated that at one of our meetings early in November we will have a program arranged for the 208 Consultant and Engineers for the purpose of bring to our attention what this 208 Quality Program is. This is to educate the public. AUDIENCE MISCELLANEOUS: Tape 3B Mrs. Taylor spoke to the Council about the room next to the Chamber of Commerce room needing to be painted. Mayor Armstrong stated that we just need to get a man over here and get it painted. Mr. Tom Duane spoke to the Council about the Tax District for the fire protection. He explained what the Fire Department's purpose in this is. He explained that this has all been discussed with the department's members, and we are in no way entering into an agreement with the County that would be a conflict with the Fire District, as incorporated here in the City of Edgewater. IThe City will always be the first priority. He explained that this is still being worked on and he has assured his department that they will be allowed to read anything on this and questions will be answered. Mr. Duane stated that he has another subject to speak on, and Mrs. Webber did not know he was bringing this up. He asked Mayor Armstrong what the millage was for the past year? Mayor Armstrong stated that he believes that it was 5.678. He answered that this is the same millage set for this year. He explained that on the taxable property there was about a $4 million increase in the evaluation in this past year. Mr. Duane asked if by law we have to reduce to maintain the same income? Councilman Dietz stated that the only way to change this is to hold a Public Hearing. Mayor Armstrong explained that this has to be done back in June, and he explained that the cost is very high. -6- u o Mr. Duane spoke to the Council about the Fire Department budget, and the fact that the figures were cut from what he originally had put down. He added that this gets embarrassing for him. He said that as Fire Chief he can in no way give this budget to the department with his recommendation. He said that he will be bringing the new fire officers to the Council after the election is through with. Councilman Dietz tried to explain that the Council had quite a bit of trouble trying to get this budget balance this year. He explained that the City had to make a decision about a retirement fund, and if we do this it will be in lieu of any raises for the employees. He explained that we did set up Emer- gency and Contingency in the event anything comes up during the year. Mr. Duane stated that what is happening is over the years you are cutting the throat of the Fire Department. You can not hold them to a given figure and cut it lower each year and expect the department to stay as good as it is. He also suggested that the different department heads be invited to the budget workshops when their portion of the budget is going to be discussed so that they can fight for their departments. There was quite a bit of discussion between Mr. Duane and the Council about this. Mayor Armstrong stated that he will have to say, he doesn't want to be critical about it, however he never has said that he is in agreement with the budget, he never has agreed on the actual income and anticipation of income sheet. RESOLUTIONS: RES. NO. 733 A RESOLUTION APPOINTING LEWIS J. LUPINEK TO THE EDGEWATER BOARD OF ADJUSTMENTS, REPEALING ALL RESOLUTIONS IN CONFLICT HEREWITH AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. Attorney Woods read this Resolution in full. Councilwoman Webber made a motion to adopt this Resolution, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. RES. NO. 734 A RESOLUTION REQUESTING THE PROHIBITION OF VEHICLE PARKING ON A PORTION OF STATE ROAD NUMBER 5, REPEALING ALL RESOLUTIONS IN CONFLICT HEREWITH AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. Attorney Woods read this Resolution in full. Councilman Sikes made a motion to adopt this Resolution, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. ORDINANCES: ORD. NO. 989 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING ORDINANCE NO. 880 OF THE CODE OF ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF EDGEWATER, FLORIDA TO PERMIT THE ADDITION OF AN ADDITIONAL ZONING DISTRICT TO BE KNOWN AS R-2A, SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT, REPEALING ALL ORDINANCES IN CONFLICT HEREWITH AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. Attorney Woods read this Ordinance in full. Councilman Dietz made a motion to adopt the first reading of this Ordinance, being seconded by Councilman Shell. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. -7- Q o OLD BUSINESS: The Council discussed the Maule Industries letter about the pipe that the City was now asked to return. It was explained that the City tried to re- turn this pipe at one time and they said that they did not want it. Now they want it returned. Attorney Woods stated that he would think that a letter from the City Clerk explaining that we tried to take it back once, and now if they want it now they can come get it. Councilman Dietz made a motion that we instruct the City Clerk to write a letter telling them that we attempted to bring the pipe back and it was refused and now... There was conversation again at this point, Mayor Armstrong stated that he doesn1t think that we need a motion. The City Clerk said that she would write the letter. The City Clerk stated that the next letter i.s from the Vo1usia County Drug Council, and the Chief is waiting for some more information from Mrs. Anapo1. The City Clerk stated that the next item is adding duplexes to R-4 Zoning and she suggested that this be advertised along with the other one for October 10th. The Council looked over the permitted uses under the R-4 Zoning. Councilman Dietz stated that the City Clerk should write the board a letter telling them that we feel that duplexes was already covered under R-4 as Multi-family dwellings. The City Clerk explained that the Ordinance calls for 1800 square feet per dwelling, they want this changed to 1500 square feet in order to have duplexes. Councilman Dietz made a motion that we table this until next week, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. NEW BUSINESS: The City Clerk stated that Mr. Hawver, of Hawver's Guard Service lives at 1604 Bradford Road, and he wants to move his business to Edgewater at 104 North Ridgewood, and it is not a permitted use. It was discussed that all he wants is a telephone and an answering service. Councilman Sikes made a motion that the license be granted to him, being seconded by Councilman Dietz. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. The next item is Briley, Wild bill in the amount of $9,615.66. Councilman Dietz stated that this is going to be a long and drawn out argument, so he makes a motion that we table this until next, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. Councilman Dietz stated that this is something that has to be done before November. It is a 10% penalty on garbage bills that is in excess of twenty days. At the present time we have no penalty for garbage bills and we have a lot of people who pay nothing but garbage bills. He made a motion to in- struct the attorney to draw up the Ordinance for the next meeting on a penalty schedule set up on garbage collection, which will be based on a twenty day pay- ment period after date of billing and that the penalty will be 10% and a cut off period will be based on 45 days after non payment, Councilman Sikes stated that he thinks that you are leaving an out for the people who don't want their garbage to just get it cut off. Councilman Dietz stated that the Board of Health says that you can1t let your garbage accumulate, and you can't haul it away. -8- Q o Mayor Armstrong stated that he feels that we need a Public Hearing on a matter of this type. There was discussion with the attorney about this. Attorney Woods stated that he could not give an opinion on this tonight he will need some time to look it over. Councilman Dietz stated that he has been told by May, Zima that this has to be done by November and it will take a while to get this taken care of. There was discussion at this time about the garbage cans being left out at the street all of the time, and that there should be a law about having to removed the cans from the street within a certain amount of time after pick up. Attorney Woods stated that you are going to have to have some type of approval to change this Ordinance, and that is what is going to happen. Councilman Dietz stated that they are trying to simplify the billing process. Mayor Armstrong stated that he does not agree with this, because the City of Edgewater is not picking up the garbage anymore. Councilman Sikes stated that we are talking about something different now, we are talking about delinquent bills. There was more discussion between Mayor Armstrong and Councilman Dietz about this. Attorney Woods stated that the penalty Section 12 will just have to be amended but the Council is going to have to decide on this and an Ordinance should be drawn up. Councilman Dietz stated that he would like to instruct the City Attorney to draw up an Ordinance amending 611 to provide for a penalty of 10% after 20 days from the billing date of the garbage collection and a cut off of garbage collection service after 45 days... Discussion began again about how this will effect someone who wants to just let the collection stop. Councilman Sikes stated that if someone runs de- linquent for a whole year it will only cost them some $4.00, and it would cost the City a lot more than that for the filing fees and attorney fees. He said that it will cost us less in the long run to elliminate a penalty on the garbage. Councilman Dietz asked what are you going to do about the water then? All of this goes on one bill, and the computer will not be able to distinquish between the penalty on the water and sewer bills and no penalty on the garbage. Councilman Sikes stated again that you are just looking for trouble by doing this, because people will come in and say that they don't want the garbage pick up anyway. It was explained that right now, the water, sewer and garbage are all on one bill, but for a delinquent bill, we charge 10% of the water and sewer. What we want to do is be able to charge 10% of the overall bill which will include the garbage figure. Mayor Armstrong asked who's idea this was? The City Clerk explained that it was May, Zima's computer programer's suggestion. She explained that if we don't agree on this, we will program the computer to send out two sets of bills, one for the water and sewer and one for the garbage. Councilman Dietz stated that the City is going to pay the contractor regardless of whether the people pay their bills or not, and the City is going to pay the full amount. Councilwoman Webber seconded Councilman Dietz's previous motion. -9- o o Mr. Opal asked if he is to understand that May, Zima is dictating this 10% penalty to coinside with the computer? Mayor Armstrong stated that he asked a while ago whose idea this was and he was told that it was May, Zima's. Councilman Sikes stated to elliminate two billings. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 4-1. Mayor Armstrong voting NO. Councilman Dietz stated that there is one more thing. The present delinquent penalty for the water and sewer is based on thirty days, and we want this changed to read from thirty days to twenty days from the date of billing, this will be to coinside with the fact that we are going to have two billings a month now. He added that he makes this in the form of a motion, to instruct the attorney to draw up an Ordinance to make the change, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 4-1. Mayor Armstrong voting NO. MISCELLANEOUS: The City Clerk stated that Mrs. Kinsey asked if you could do something about the business and commercial garbage rates. The Ordinance reads that you will charge $5.00 per business or commercial unit with a maximum of three cans and $1.00 for additional can. How are you going to charge garbage to a mini ware- house? It was decided that each one of the doors is considered a unit. considered a business, so they should pay a business rate. Then cided that if a business license is issued, then they should pay rate, however if someone rents one space to store a boat or such is really no business there. Each one is it was de- the business in, there Tape 5B At this time there was some discussion again about how long the garbage cans should be allowed to remain at the street. Chief Baugh stated that he can not enforce any such law until it is on the books somewhere. Councilman Dietz made a motion that we instruct the City Attorney and the Chief of Police to get together and decide a time to be put on this and have the attorney draw it into the Ordinance, being seconded by Councilman Sikes. Upon roll call vote said motion CARRIED, 5-0. ADJOURNMENT: Councilman Sikes made a motion to adjourn, being seconded by Councilwoman Webber. Said motion CARRIED. MINUTES TAKEN BY: Sue Blackwell Debbie Sigler ~~~ City Clerk ~ Approved thi s;;(~ day of [~#- z O/?~~~~i/~ Ma or 7 ~ ?W~ ~.~ Coun- ~;;q~ - Councilman ~ ~ ~ . counci..man~."/ J: z> // ~ ~ /1 ~t!d- C 'man September, 1977. Ma{]~_ra_~~ Ma r -10-