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ORDINANCE NO. 2004-0-18
AN ORDINANCE GRANTING A CHANGE IN ZONING
CLASSIFICATION FROM COUNTY A-3 (TRANSITIONAL
AGRICUL TURE) TO CITY RT (RURAL TRANSITIONAL)
FOR PROPERTY LOCATED ON FL YING M COURT,
EDGEW ATER, FLORIDA; AMENDING THE OFFICIAL
ZONING MAP OF THE CITY OF EDGEWATER;
PROVIDING FOR CONFLICTING PROVISIONS,
SEVERABILITY AND APPLICABILITY; PROVIDING FOR
AN EFFECTIVE DATE, RECORDING AND ADOPTION.
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Edgewater, Florida, has made the following
determinations:
1. The City of Edgewater is requesting certain property located on Flying M Court be
rezoned in an effort of consistency with our comprehensive plan. John S. Massey (1000 Flying M
Court), Kevin John Black (1001 Flying M Court), Thomas J. and ShelleyG. Whitmire (1004 Flying
M Court), Jerome R. and Carole A. Kulesia (1005 Flying M Court), Douglas L. Poling (1009 Flying
M Court), John E. Alden (1012 Flying M Court), Richard J. and Gina A. Bennert (1013 Flying M
Court), James V. and Cynthia B. Russell (1016 Flying M Court), Massey Development Corporation
(1017 and 1040 Flying M Court), Steven R. And Barbara S. Bacorn, Sf. (1021 Flying M Court),
Patrick A. Donnelly (1032 & 1036 Flying M Court), Larry G. And Sherry Cote-Jarvis (1025 Flying
M Court), Marguerite and David R. Cummock (1028 Flying M Court), John D. Murray (1 029 Flying
M Court), Austin D. And Janice C. Nixon (1033 Flying M Court), Charles A. Gehrmann (1037
Flying M Court) and Vaughn W. and Gayel M. Crile (1041 Flying M Court) are the owners of that
certain real property listed above and located within the City ofEdgewater, Florida. Subject property
contains approximately 21. 79~ acres more or less.
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2. Pursuant to the City of Edgewater Land Development Code, the request will result
in a change of zoning classification from County A-3 (Transitional Agriculture) to City RT (Rural
Transitional) for the property described herein.
3.
On March 10, 2004, the Local Planning Agency (Planning and Zoning Board)
considered the application for change in zoning classification and by a vote of 6 - 0, the Board
recommended that City Council consider approval of the request.
4. On April 5, 2004, the City Council considered on first reading/public hearing the
proposed change in the zoning classification after publication of such hearing in the Observer on
March 26, 2004.
5. On April 19,2004, the City Council held a public hearing on the application after
publishing notice of such hearing in the Observer on April 7, 2004, and notifying by mail all property
owners who own real property directly affected by the proposed action and all property owners who
own real property within 300 feet of the subject property.
6. The proposed change in zoning classification is consistent with all elements of the
Edgewater Comprehensive Plan.
7. The proposed change in zoning classification is not contrary to the established land
use pattern.
8. The proposed change in zoning classification will not adversely impact public
facilities.
9. Changed or changing conditions make the proposed amendment necessary.
10. The proposed change in zoning classification will not have an adverse effect on the
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2004-0-18
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natural environment.
11. The proposed change will not have a negative effect on the character of the
surrounding area.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED by the People ofthe City of Edge water, Florida:
PART A.
CHANGE IN ZONING CLASSIFICATION OF CERTAIN
REAL PROPERTY WITHIN THE CITY OF EDGEW ATER,
FLORIDA.
The zoning classification for the following described property is hereby changed from County
A-3 (Transitional Agriculture) to City RT (Rural Transitional):
The following described real property all lying and being in the County of Vol usia
and State of Florida:
1) John S. Massey - 1000 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0120)
Lot 12, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Map
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book #4089, Page 4543, Public
Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
2) Kevin John Black - 1001 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0110)
Lot 11, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, according to the plat thereof recorded
in Map Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4859, Page 1090,
Public Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
3) Thomas J. and Shelley G. Whitmire - 1004 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-
0130)
Lot 13, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, according to the map thereof, as
recorded in Map Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4667, Page
4882, Public Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
4) Jerome R. and Carole A. Kulesia - 1005 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0100)
Lot 10, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, according to the plat thereof, recorded
in Map Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4901, Page 2719,
Public Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
5) Douglas L. Poling - 1009 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0090)
Lot 9, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, according to the plat thereof, as
recorded in Map Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4918, Page
360, Public Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
6) John E. Alden - 1012 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0150)
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Lot 15, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Plat
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4942, Page 267, Public Records
of Vol usia County, Florida.
7) Richard J. and Gina A. Bennert - 1013 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0080)
Lot 8, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Plat Book
44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4954, Page 1673, Public Records of
V olusia County, Florida,
8) James V. and Cynthia B. Russell- 1016 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0160)
Lot 16, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Map
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4207, Page 1318, Public
Records of V olusia County, Florida.
9) Massey Development Corp - 1017 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0070)
Lot 7, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, per Map Book 44, Page 68, Public
Records of V olusia County, Florida.
10) Steven R. and Barbara S. Bacorn, Sr. - 1021 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-
0060)
Lot 6, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Plat Book
44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4947, Page 3482, Public Records of
V olusia County, Florida.
11) Larry G. and Sherry Cote-Jarvis - 1025 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0050)
Lot 5, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Plat book
44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4984, Page 4313, Public Records of
V olusia County, Florida.
12) Marguerite and David R. Cummock - 1028 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-
0190)
Lot 19, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Plat
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4583, Page 3282, Public
Records of V olusia County, Florida.
13) John D. Murray - 1029 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0040)
Lot 4, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Map
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4991, Page 2109, Public
Records of V olusia County, Florida.
14) Patrick A. Donnelly - 1032 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0200)
Lot 20, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per plat thereof recorded in Map
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4377, Page 4748, Public
Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
15) Austin D. and Janice C. Nixon - 1033 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0030)
Lot 3, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, according to the plat thereof as recorded
in Map Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 5124, Page 3929,
Public Records of V olusia County, Florida.
16) Patrick A. Donnelly - 1036 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0210)
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Lot 21, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, according to the plat thereof, as
recorded in Map Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4925, Page
4554, Public Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
Charles A. Gehrmann - 1037 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0020)
Lot 2, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit 1, according to the map or plat thereof as
recorded in Plat book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4960, Page
2179, Public Records of Vol usia County, Florida.
Massey Development Corp - 1040 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0220)
Lot 22, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, per Map Book 44, Page 68, Public
Records of V olusia County, Florida.
Vaughn W. and Gayel M. Crile - 1041 Flying M Court (#7432-11-00-0010)
Lot 1, Massey Ranch Airpark Unit I, as per map thereof recorded in Map
Book 44, Page 68, per Official Records Book 4205, Page 1050, Public
Records of V olusia County, Florida.
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Containing approximately 21. 79! acres.
Map of subj ect property is reflected on Exhibit" A" and incorporated herein.
PARTB.
AMENDMENT OF THE OFFICIAL ZONING MAP OF THE
CITY OF EDGEW ATER, FLORIDA.
The Chief Planner is hereby authorized and directed to amend the Official Zoning Map of
the City of Edgewater, Florida, to reflect the change in zoning classification for the above described
property.
PART C.
CONFLICTING PROVISIONS.
All conflicting ordinances and resolutions, or parts thereof in conflict with this ordinance,
are hereby superseded by this ordinance to the extent of such conflict.
PART D.
SEVERABILITY AND APPLICABILITY.
If any portion of this ordinance is for any reason held or declared to be unconstitutional,
inoperative, or void, such holding shall not affect the remaining portions of this ordinance. If this
ordinance or any provisions thereof shall be held to be inapplicable to any person, property, or
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2004-0-18
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circumstances, such holding shall not affect its applicability to any other person, property, or
'\t circumstance.
PARTE.
RECORDING.
Upon approval and execution, this document shall be delivered to the Clerk of Court for
recording into the public records of Vol usia County, Florida.
PART F.
EFFECTIVE DATE.
This Ordinance shall take place upon adoption.
PART G.
ADOPTION.
After Motion by Councilwoman Rhodes and Second by Councilwoman Lichter, the vote on
the first reading of this ordinance held on April 5, 2004, was as follows:
AYE
NAY
Mayor Donald A. Schmidt
x
Councilman James P. Brown
ABSENT
Councilman Dennis Vincenzi
x
Councilwoman Harriet E. Rhodes
x
Councilwoman Judy Lichter
x
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2004-0-18
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After Motion by Councilman Brown and Secondby Councilvoman Rhodea ,
the vote on the second reading of this ordinance was as follows:
AYE NAY
Mayor Donald A. Schmidt x
Councilman James P. Brown x
Councilman Dennis Vincenzi x
Councilwoman Harriet E. Rhodes x
Councilwoman Judy Lichter Absent
PASSED AND DULY ADOPTED this 19th day of April, 2004.
ATTEST: CITY COUNCIL OF THE
CITY OF EDGEWATER, FLORIDA
By:
Donald A. Schmidt
Mayor
For the use and reliance only by the City of
Edgewater, Florida. Approved as to form and
legality by: Scott A. Cookson, Esquire
City Attorney
Foley & Lardner
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2004-0.18
7
v lAr+ /Y S\C1F�J /v sa 1�
Robin L. Matusick
Legal Assistant/Paralegal
Approved by the City Council of the City of
Edgewater at a meeting held on this 19th day
of April, 2004 under Agenda Item No. 6
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.."" Diane H. Matousek
Volusia County, Clerk of Court
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ARTICLE XVIII
INDIAN RIVER BOULEVARD - S.R. 442 CORRIDOR DESIGN REGULATIONS
SECTION 21-410 - PURPOSE AND INTENT
SECTION 21-420 - APLICABILITY
21-420.01 - Indian River Boulevard Corridor Districts................................XVIII-l
21-420.02 - Primary And Other Streets ........................ ................ ...... ...... ....XVIII-2
21-420.03 - Comer Lots/Parcels................................................................ ...XVIII-2
21-420.04 - Conflict With Other Provisions Of Code ..................................XVIII-2
21-420.05 - Registered Landscape Architect Required ................................XVIII-2
SECTION 21-430 - BUILDING LOCATION AND LANDSCAPE BUFFER
21-430.01 - West Parkway District............................................................. XVIII - 3
21-430.02 - Shores District............. .............................................................. XVIII - 3
21-430.03 - East Village District.................................................................. XVIII - 3
21-430.04 - Landscape Buffer Requirements For Primary Streets...............XVIII-3
21-430.05 - Landscape Buffer Requirements Along Other Side Streets ......XVIII-3
21-430.06 - Minimum Lot Width And Depth...............................................XVIII-4
21-430.07 - Minimum Landscape Requirements In Buffer yard................. XVIII-4
21-430.08 - Protection From Vehicle Encroachment ...................................XVIII-5
21-430.09 - Stormwater In Buffer... ............................................................. XVIII-5
21-430.10 - Parking Location.... ................................................................... XVIII-5
21-430.11 - Pedestrian And Bicycle Circulation ..........................................XVIII-5
21-430. 12 - Sidewalks .................................................................................. XVIII - 5
21-430.13 - Pedestrian Access Standards .....................................................XVIII-6
21-430.14 - Drive-Through Requirements.. ............................ ............... ......XVIII-6
Article XVIII
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Rev. 2-04 (Land Development Code)
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SECTION 21-440 - ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN STANDARDS
21-440.01 - Building Orientation.................................................................. XVIII-7
21-440.02 - Primary Building Entrance .............. ...... ........................ .......... ..XVIII-7
21-440.03 - Building Height And Transition................................................XVIII-8
21-440.04 - Fac;ade Treatments..................................................................... XVIII-8
21-440.05 - Prohibited Fac;ade Treatments .............. ........... ........ ............... ...XVIII-9
21-440.06 - Loading And Service Areas ......................................................XVIII-9
21-440.07 - Outdoor Shopping Cart Storage.. ......... ..... .............................. ..XVIII-9
21-440.08 - Fenestration............... ......... ......... ........... ................................. ..XVIII-9
21-440.09 - Roof Treatments And Materials.. ........................... ............. ....XVIII-l 0
21-440.10 - Building Color....................................................................... .. XVIII-II
21-440.11 - Multi-Building Complexes..................................................... . XVIII-II
SECTION 21-450 - SIGNS
21-450.01 - Freestanding Signs.................................................................. XVIII -12
21-450.02 - Ground Signs Required........................................................... XVIII -12
21-450.03 - Business Identification Signs ..................................................XVIII-13.
21-450.04 - Multi-Tenant Buildings........................................................... XVIII -14
21-450.05 - Specialty Signs........................................................................ XVIII -14
21-450.06 - Signage Performance Standards ............................... :........... ...XVIII-14
21-450.07 - Exempted Signs........................ ..... .......................................... XVIII -14
21-450.08 - Prohibited Signs ...................................................................... XVIII -15
21-450.09 - Sign Illumination..... ........... ............. ...... ....... ........ .................. .XVIII-15
21-450.10 - Prohibited Lighting................................................................. XVIII -15
SECTION 21-460 - NONCONFORMING STRUCTURES
21-460.01 - Existing Nonconforming Structures....................................... XVIII -16
21-460.02 - Guidelines For Nonconforming Structures............................. XVIII -16
SECTION 21-470 -RESERVED
SECTION 21-480 -RESERVED
SECTION 21-490 -RESERVED
Article XVIII
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Rev 2/04(LandDevelopmentCode)
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ARTICLE XVIII
INDIAN RIVER BOULEVARD - S.R. 442 CORRIDOR DESIGN REGULATIONS
SECTION 21-410 - PURPOSE AND INTENT
These design regulations are intended to ensure high quality private development in the
Indian River Boulevard Corridor. The two major components of these regulations are: 1)
landscape, buffer and related site development treatments, especially areas immediately
adjacent to the road and 2) building design standards for new and redeveloped structures,
including signage.
Applicants for development within the Indian River Boulevard Corridor Overlay are
required to obtain a copy of the complete design guideline package from the City
Planning Department.
SECTION 21- 420 - APPLICABILITY
Parcels that share a common boundary with Indian River Boulevard will be subject to the
requirements, standards and criteria contained in these regulations. Furthermore, these
requirements apply to all residential, commercial, office, institutional and industrial
development, including both public and private facilities within the Indian River
Boulevard Corridor. The provisions of this document are applicable to all properties that
touch, front or are otherwise adjacent to Indian River Boulevard. Properties that include a
complex or subdivision of buildings shall be considered to be included within the
guidelines in their entirety, including parent tracts, out-parcels, flag lots, etc. They apply
to both new development and redevelopment activities.
21-420.01 - Indian River Boulevard Corridor Districts
Indian River Boulevard has three distinct districts. These districts are defined' below and
are referred to throughout these regulations. In addition, intersecting roads are also
defined below. Refer to the complete design guideline package available from the City
Planning Department for a map showing the three separate districts.
District IntersectinI! Street IntersectinI! Street
The West Parkway Interstate 95 Pinedale Road
District
The Shores District Pinedale Road India Palm Drive
The East Village District India Palm Drive Riverside Drive
Rev. 2-04 (Land Development Code)
XVIII-l
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21-420.02 - Primary And Other Streets
The following major streets that intersect Indian River Boulevard shall be considered as
Primary and Other Streets:
Number offeetfrom
intersection that these
Street Type Intersecting Street regulations shall be
applicable along these
roads.
Primary Old Mission Road 500
Primary Air Park Road 500
Primary U.S. Highway 1 500
Primary Riverside Drive 500
Other All other streets 100
21-420.03 - Corner LotslParcels
Comer lots/parcels shall be considered to have two (2) front perimeters. For other streets
that intersect now or in the future, the parcels that are comer lots or comer developments
adjacent to Indian River Boulevard shall comply with these requirements.
21-420.04 - Conflict With Other Provisions Of Code
The requirements for the Indian River Boulevard Corridor Overlay Area supersede the
general requirements within this Land Development Code.
These requirements shall not apply to existing developed residential or vacant lots
adjacent to Indian River Boulevard from U.S. Highway 1 to Willow Oak Drive.
The above-referenced existing developed or vacant properties shall be developed in
accordance with the standards set forth in Article V (Site Design Criteria) until such time
as a change in use is proposed. , A change in use shall mean a change in character
involving activities that result in a different external impact.
21-420.05 - Registered Landscape Architect Required
A Landscape Architect registered in the State of Florida shall be required to prepare
landscape plans and related irrigation plans for all lands for which this Article applies.
SECTION 21-430 - BUILDING LOCATION AND LANDSCAPE BUFFERS
The setback is the distance between the edge of the road's right-of-way, also referred to
as the property line, and the closest edge or wall of the principal building on the site. The
building location and landscape buffer requirements are identified below.
Rev 2/04
XVIII-2
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21-430.01 - West Parkway District
a. Setback and Buffer. A minimum fifty-foot (50') landscape buffer shall be
provided in the West Parkway District. Buildings will not be allowed within one
hundred feet (100') of the property line adjacent to Indian River Boulevard or
primary streets.
b. Management and Maintenance of Natural Vegetation. Site plan submittals will
be required to graphically identify the manner in which natural areas will be
preserved and maintained. Site plan submittals shall identify where natural areas
will be trimmed and to what limited extent they will be altered for visibility from
the road.
If a certain view or angle from the road is desired, the site plan shall identify a
"viewshed," i.e., the area within which trimming of small trees and understory
vegetation is desired. The extent of trimming should be clearly noted in terms of
extent and height, as well as the thinning of trees and vegetation. Trees larger than
four inches (4") in diameter shall not be removed. Trimming of vegetation shall not
be allowed lower than thirty-six inches (36") from the ground. Areas to remain
undisturbed shall also be identified. This information becomes part of site plan
approval, and will be utilized for maintenance as well as enforcement by the City.
21-430.02 - Shores District
A minimum ten-foot (10') landscape buffer shall be provided in the Shores District.
Buildings shall not be allowed within forty feet (40') of the property line adjacent to
Indian River Boulevard or primary streets.
21-430.03 - East Village District
A minimum twenty-foot (20') landscape buffer shall be provided from the front property
line in the East Village District. Buildings will not be allowed within forty feet (40') of
the property line adjacent to Indian River }3oulevard or primary streets.
21-430.04 - Landscape Buffer Requirements For Primary Streets
The landscape buffer requirements along primary streets in the Indian River Boulevard
Corridor shall be twenty feet (20') in width. Unless otherwise noted, additional
requirements shall comply with the adjacent District within the Indian River Boulevard
Corridor to the maximum extent practicable. Building will not be allowed within forty
feet (40') ofthe property line adjacent to Indian River Boulevard or primary streets.
21-430.05 - Landscape Buffer Requirements Along Other Side Streets
The landscape buffer requirements along other existing or future streets that intersect
Indian River Boulevard shall be a minimum of twenty feet (20') in width and shall
comply with the adjacent District of Indian River Boulevard to the maximum extent
practicable.
Rev 2/04
XVIII-3
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21-430.06 - Minimum Lot Width And Depth
The minimum lot width and depth for all new development along the corridor shall be
200 feet (200') by 200 feet (200'). This requirement ensures that minimum building
setback and buffer requirements can be accomplished within the context of typical site
development, building coverage, parking, stormwater and other customary site amenities.
Any deviation from this standard for out-parcels, flag lots and other circumstances should
ensure that the configuration of the resulting development site allows for compliance with
the intent and purpose of these guidelines.
21-430.07 - Minimum Landscape Requirements In Buffer Yard
The following requirements are intended for private property outside of the public right-
of-way adjacent to the corridor and primary streets.
a. West Parkway District. These requirements shall provide the basis for infill
vegetation as needed where natural vegetation is sparse. The minimum landscaping
in the buffer yard shall be eight (8) shade trees, ten (10) understory trees and
seventy (70) shrubs per one hundred (100) lineal feet. To maintain a natural look,
trees and shrubs shall be placed in an organic or curvilinear manner that is similar to
and consistent with natural adjoining areas, which have been preserved. Linear
arrangements are discouraged in the West Parkway District.
b. Shores District. Canopy trees shall be coordinated with the placement of the poles
within the FPL easement along Indian River Boulevard. Where feasible, the
minimum landscape buffer shall be one (1) shade tree (e.g. Oak) per fifty lineal feet
(50') on private property alternating with the City's oak trees in the public right-of-
way. Understory trees are optional and recommended at two (2) per twenty lineal
feet (20'). Shrubs are optional unless a fence is put up. If a fence is visible from the
public right-of-way shrubs are required along the entire length of the fence, spaced
just far enough apart for the species to grow.
c. East Village. The minimum landscape buffer shall include a total of three (3) trees
per every fifty lineal feet (50'). One (1) Magnolia placed every fifty (50) lineal feet.
Two (2) Crepe Myrtles placed in between the Magnolia's fifty (50) lineal feet.
Shrubs shall be placed at a minimum of forty (40) per one hundred (100) linear feet.
d. Varied Color. Landscaping shall be arranged to display variety and color by
utilizing flowering and variegated species whenever possible. Such variety and
color shall be accomplished by using a combination of shrubs and ornamentals as
approved by the City. Ornamentals shall not constitute more than fifty percent
(50%) of required shrubs.
e. Wetlands and Natural Vegetation Preservation. Within the buffer, major
wetlands shall be preserved as set forth in the City's Comprehensive Plan and Land
Development Code. Natural uplands vegetation shall be preserved to the maximum
extent feasible.
f. Side and Rear Yards. The side and rear yards of all properties shall be provided
with landscape treatment consistent with this Land Development Code.
Rev 2/04
XVIII -4
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21-430.08 - Protection From Vehicle Encroachment
Landscape buffers shall be protected from vehicles in the parking area with curbs for
those parking spaces adjacent to the buffer. Plantings adjacent to parking areas shall be
located a minimum of three and one-half (3 'l'2) feet from the front end of the parking
space to prevent encroachment into required landscape areas. Wheel stops shall not be
utilized in any portion of the parking area. No paved areas will be allowed in the buffer
other than required traffic circulation access. In already developed areas such as the East
Village District, no additional pavement will be allowed in the buffer area.
21-430.09 - Stormwater In Buffer
In order to create shallow retention areas, removal of a maximum of fifty percent (50%)
of understory trees and shrubs may permitted to provide for shallow swales without
removal or damage to existing shade trees.
Landscape buffers on primary and other streets may be combined with approved on-site,
wet or dry-bottom stormwater retention areas provided that these areas are designed as
visual amenities without chain link fences (or similar utilitarian appurtenances) and with
shade trees.
21-430.10 - Parking Location
These standards shall prevent automobiles from being highly visible from the roadway.
This applies to parking areas, automobile service areas and other vehicular circulation
areas. For screening, a forty-inch (40") high decorative wall, berm or hedge shall be
provided at the same or above the finished grade of parking and other vehicular use areas.
Dense existing natural vegetation that provides a similar forty-inch (40") high screen
from Indian River Boulevard may substitute for a berm, hedge or wall. These
requirements for a hedge may be combined with the required landscape buffer
requirement for shrubs.
21-430.11 - Pedestrian And Bicycle Circulation
The purpose of this subsection is to provide safe opportunities for alternative modes of
transportation by connecting buildings with existing and future pedestrian and bicycle
pathways and to provide safe passage from the public right-:of-way to the building.
21-430.12 - Sidewalks
Sidewalks are provided throughout most of the Shores and East Village Districts. As
development continues, developers should provide sidewalks where not already
available, especially in the West Parkway District, which does not have sidewalks. In all
districts, sidewalks will be separated from the curb a minimum of four feet (4') to provide
safety for pedestrians, for passing vehicles and adequate space for landscaping. In the
West Parkway District, additional separation may be necessary to preserve natural
vegetation.
21-430.13 - Pedestrian Access Standards
Pedestrian circulation shall be provided by connecting buildings with existing and future
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21-430.13 - Pedestrian Access Standards
Pedestrian circulation shall be provided by connecting buildings with existing and future
pedestrian and bicycle pathways as well as by providing safe passage from the public
right-of-way to the building in the manner set forth below.
a. Number of Pedestrian Ways Required. Pedestrian ways shall be provided at a
minimum ratio of one (1) for each customer vehicular entrance to a project. For
example, if there are two (2) driveways into the site, two (2) sidewalk entries are
required. Entrances designed primarily for service and delivery vehicles are not
included in this ratio.
b. Materials. Pedestrian walkways shall be handicapped accessible. Materials may
include specialty pavers, colored concrete or stamped pattern concrete. Natural
materials for pedestrian paths may be encouraged in the West Parkway District.
c. Pedestrian Shade. Pedestrian walkways shall provide intermittent shaded areas
when the walkway exceeds one hundred (100) linear feet in length at a ratio of one
hundred (100) square feet of shade for every one hundred (100) linear feet of
walkway.
21-430.14 - Drive-Through Requirements
Drive-through windows and lanes shall not be located on a side of the building visible
from a public right-of-way. Drive-through lanes shall be designed primarily for
pedestrian safety and crossing. Drive-through designs must have the same detail of the
principal structure and match the materials and roof of the principal structure.
a. Screening Drive- Throughs. A dense hedge of evergreen shrubs shall be provided
in the following manner to screen drive-throughs:
1. At initial planting and installation, shrubs shall be at least thirty inches (30")
in height and shall be planted thirty inches (30") or less on center.
2. Within one (1) year' of initial planting and installation, shrubs shall have
attained, and be maintained at, a minimum height of four feet (4') and shall
provide an opaque vegetative screen between the street and the drive-through.
The hedge must continue for the entire length of the drive-through cueing or
stacking area.' "
3. In lieu of a vegetative hedge, the use of vegetated berms with appropriate
landscape materials may be used in a manner that results in the visual
separation of street right-of-way and the drive-through.
b. Stacking Distance. The following stacking distances, measured from the point of
entry to the center of the farthest drive-through service window area, are required:
1. Restaurants, full service car washes and day care facilities: Two hundred
twenty feet (220')
2. Banks (per lane): One hundred seventy five feet (175')
3. Self Service Car Wash (per bay) and Dry Cleaners: Sixty-five feet (65')
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4. Other uses may require the City to determine the stacking distance on a case-
by-case basis.
5. Facilities not listed above with more than one (1) drive-through lane shall
provide one hundred feet (100') of stacking distance per lane measured from
the point of entry to the center of the farthest service window area.
6. Drive- Through Separate From Other Circulation: The drive-through lane shall
be a separate lane from the circulation routes and aisles necessary for ingress
and egress from the property or access to any off-street parking spaces.
c. Pass Through Lanes. A pass-through lane shall be required for all drive-through
facilities constructed adjacent to at least one (1) stacking lane in order to provide
egress from the stacking lane.
SECTION 21-440 - ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN STANDARDS
The architectural design standards are intended to be flexible and encourage design
diversity and variations. The criteria for development along the corridor will primarily
ensure that the architectural integrity and details of existing structures are maintained, as
well as affirm the appropriateness of new development into the character of the districts.
Special attention has been placed on the creation of an attractive, safe and functional
urban environment.
21-440.01 - Building Orientation
All buildings shall be oriented so that primary fayades face public rights-of-way.
Buildings on comer lots shall be considered to have two (2) fronts and shall be designed
with additional architectural embellishments such as towers or other design features at the
comer to emphasize their location as gateways and transition points within the
community.
Although the main aesthetic emphasis shall be on the primary fayade(s), all building
elevatl'ons shall receive architectural treatment. The style of windows shall remain
uniform on all sides of the building.
21-440.02 - Primary Building Entrance
. .
In general, the primary pedestrian entrance to all buildings shall face Indian River
Boulevard, and shall be clearly defined and highly visible for the pedestrian. Multiple
tenant buildings shall have all customer entrances distinguished pursuant to these
regulations.
Primary entrances shall have either a protruding or raised roof, a stoop, a projection or
recession in the building footprint a minimum of three feet (3') in depth that clearly
identifies the entrance.
Corner lots shall provide an entrance on both public rights-of-way or a comer entrance.
In addition, every primary entrance shall have two (2) other distinguishing features from
the list below:
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1. V ariation in roof height around door;
2. Canopy or portico;
3. Raised cornice or parapet over door;
4. Arches or columns;
5. Patterned specialty paving at entrance and along walkway;
6. Ornamental and structural architectural details other than cornices over or on
the sides of the door; or
7. Any other treatment, which, in the opinion of the City, meets the intent ofthis
Section.
21-440.03 - Building Height And Transition
Buildings will not be allowed to be any higher than already permitted in the respective
zoning district. New developments that are more than twice the height of any existing
building within three hundred feet (300') shall provide transitional stepped massing
elements to minimize the contrast between the buildings. The transitional massing
element shall include a primary fac;ade that is no more than the average height of the
adjacent buildings.
21-440.04 - Fa~ade Treatments
Fac;ade treatments of a building must be designed with consistent and uniform
architectural style. Detail and trim features must be consistent with the style of the
building. Diversity of architectural elements on the fac;ade that are compatible with the
style are required. These elements must be integrated with the massing and scale of the
buildings.
Building walls and fac;ade treatments must avoid large blank wall areas by including at
least three (3) of the design elements listed below, or their equivalent design feature.
. Design elements should be in. intervals of no more than thirty feet (30') apart, and
repetition is encouraged. At least one of the design elements should repeat horizontally.
At a minimum, buildings must provide at least two (2) of the following building design
elements on the primary fac;ade:
1. Awnings or attached canopies;
2. Arcades or colonnades;
3. Display windows a minimum of six feet (6') in height along sixty-five percent
(65%) of the primary fac;ade;
4. Clock or bell towers;
5. Decorative landscape planters or wing walls which incorporate landscaped
areas;
6. Pergola;
7. Benches or other seating components built into the building;
8. Texture or pattern change;
9. Material module change;
10. Ornamental or structural detail;
11. Varied building setbacks or projections; or
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12. Expression of architectural or structural bays, through a change in plane of no
less than twelve inches (12") in width, such as a reveal, an offset or a
projecting rib.
Changes in color along the fa9ade that are compatible with each other and the style of the
building are encouraged but not sufficient to break up the mass of the fa9ade.
21-440.05 - Prohibited Fa~ade Treatments
The following treatments or features are prohibited on any fa9ade that are visible from
the public rights-of-way:
1. The use of reflective glass and reflective film is prohibited on all buildings.
Windows and doors should be glazed in clear glass with no more than ten
percent (10% )daylight reduction.
2. Garage doors used either as decoration or for vehicular service, storage or any
other use (these elements must be side loaded).
3. Glass curtain walls.
4. Stained glass and art glass installations may be permitted, provided they are in
character with the style of the building.
21-440.06 - Loading And Service Areas
Loading and service areas will be located behind or to the rear of buildings and will be
screened with walls and landscaping. Materials, rooflines and colors are permitted to be
consistent with the primary structures.
21-440.07 - Outdoor Shopping Cart Storage
All outdoor storage of customer shopping carts adjacent to the building shall be screened
by a wall a minimum of four feet (4') in height that is consistent in style, materials and
color to the fa9ade. Arcade or colonnade areas cannot be used for the storage of shopping
carts.
21-440.08 - Fenestration
Fenestration is the placement of windows and doors. 'Windows and doors must cover at
least thirty percent (30%) of the area of the primary fa9ade. Windows must be located
between three feet (3') and seven feet (7') measured from ground level.
a. Exterior Wall Materials. All buildings subject to the terms of this Section shall be
clad with typical Florida building materials that are durable and appropriate to the
visual environment and climate. Design flexibility and creativity is encouraged
using ornamentation from a wide variety of architectural styles.
b. Finish materials for walls. Exterior walls are the most visible part of most
buildings. Their exterior finishes shall be one of the following:
1. Concrete block with stucco;
2. Reinforced concrete with smooth finish or with stucco;
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3. Natural brick or stone (excluding ashlar or rubble construction look);
4. Wood, pressure treated or naturally decay-resistant species;
5. Fiber-reinforced cement panels or boards that simulate wood; or
6. Synthetic stucco may be used only on non-fa9ade walls.
c. Prohibited Materials. No exterior wall shall be covered with the following
materials:
1. Plastic or vinyl siding;
2. Corrugated or reflective metal panels, steel buildings;
3. Applied stone in an ashlar or rubble look:
4. Smooth, scored or rib faced concrete block;
5. Any translucent material, other than glass; or
6. Any combination of the above.
d. Corporate Design. Corporate franchises should not be allowed to create visual
clutter or to use architecture and building colors to act as signage. Therefore,
exceptions to these guidelines shall not be made for corporate franchises. National
corporate chains that typically design their buildings to read as signage have been
known to modify their designs to blend with the character of the neighborhood.
21-440.09 - Roof Treatments And Materials
Variations in the rooflines must be used to add interest to and reduce the massing of
buildings. Roof features and materials must be in scale with the building's mass and
complement the character of adjoining and adjacent buildings and neighborhoods.
a. Roof Standards. While any roof type is acceptable, the following standards shall
apply:
1. All flat roofs and any shed roof with a slope of less than 1:6' must be
concealed by a parapet;
2. All hipped and gabled roofs and all shed roofs with a slope greater than
1:6 must have overhangs of at least eighteen inches (18");
3. Mansard roofs must have the lowest sloped surface, begin above a cornice
line and then slope upward and inward;
4. Small towers, cupolas and widow's walks are encouraged (if they are
compatible with the style of the building);
5. Unless specifically designed otherwise, roof overhangs shall wrap around
all four (4) sides of the building so that there is visual continuity around
the entire building unless site-specific conditions warrant otherwise; or
6. Skylight glazing must be flat to the pitch of the roof.
b. Permitted Roof Materials. The following roofing materials are permitted:
1. Standing Seam Metal: Steel (galvanized, enameled or terne-coated),
stainless steel, copper, aluminum;
2. Architectural Shingles: Asphalt, fiber reinforced cement, metal, fiberglass,
wood;
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3. Tile: Clay, terra cotta or concrete; or
4. Flat roofs hidden by Parapet: Any material allowed by building code.
c. Equipment on Roof. All equipment located atop a roof of a building must be
concealed so that it is not visible by a person standing anywhere on the site or on an
adjacent public street.
21-440.10 - Building Color
Simple color schemes are encouraged. As a general rule, building fa9ade should not
exhibit more than three (3) colors.
a. Prohibited Colors. The use of garish or gaudy colors is prohibited. The use of
black, neon or fluorescent colors is prohibited as the predominant building color.
b. Trim on Fa~ade. Building trim and accent areas may feature any color, limited to
ten percent (10%) of the affected fa9ade segment, with a maximum trim height of
twenty-four inches (24") total for its shortest distance.
21-440.11 - Multi-Building Complexes
Specific provisions must ensure a unified architectural design and site plan between a
complex of buildings or between out-parcel buildings and the main building(s) on the
site. The following standards assure an enhanced visual impact of the buildings, as well
as providing safe and convenient vehicular pedestrian access and movement within the
site.
a. Building Groups and Complexes. Buildings and structures, which are a part of a
present or future group or complex, shall have a unity of character and design and
the use, texture and color of materials shall create a harmonious whole. In addition,
the design, scale 'and location on the site shall enhance rather than detract from the .
character, value and attractiveness of the surrounding community or neighborhood.
b. Ancillary Structures. Separate ancillary structures, including, but not limited to,
car washes, cashier booths, and/or canopies over gas pumps shall have comparable
pitch or parapets for roofs and shall otherwise have the same architectural detail,
design elements, color scheme, building materials and roof design as the primary
structure.
c. Out-Parcel Fa~ade. All exterior fa9ade of an out-parcel building must be
considered primary fa9ade and must employ architectural site and landscaping
design elements which are integrated with, and common to, those used on the main
development including color, materials, and decorative treatments.
d, Connect Circulation of Out-Parcels. Out-parcel structures that are adjacent to
each other must provide for vehicular connections between their respective parking
lots and provide interconnection of pedestrian walkways.
e. Common Wall and Side-By-Side Buildings. When the use of common wall, side-
by-side development occurs, continuity of fa9ade and consolidated parking for
several businesses in one parking lot may be used.
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f. Service Areas. Service areas shall not be located in front yards and shall not be
visible from a public right-of-way. Waste disposal areas shall be screened one
hundred percent (100%) by a masonry wall and landscape buffer. The wall shall be
consistent in style, materials and color to the fac;ade. The landscape buffer shall be a
minimum of five feet (5') in width and shall contain a hedge three feet (3') in height
at planting and capable of attaining five feet (5') in height and total opacity within
eighteen (18) months.
Mechanical equipment, satellite dishes, and other service support equipment shall be
located behind the building line and shall be fully screened from the view of
adjacent properties both at ground and rooftop levels.
g. Pay Phones. All telephones on private property shall be confined to a space built
into the building or buildings or enclosed in a separate structure compatible with the
main building.
h. Building Security Devices. Exterior mounted security gates or solid roll down
metal windows shall be prohibited. Link or grill type security devices shall be
permitted only if installed from the inside, within the window or doorframes. Other
types of security devices fastened to the exterior walls are not permitted.
SECTION 21-450 - SIGNS
Sign regulations are important because they ensure consistency of signage along the
corridor and thereby prevent clutter and confusion exemplified by older, unregulated strip
commercial areas. The purpose and intent of sign regulations will be to augment the City
of Edgewater's existing sign code to fit the higher aesthetic standard being established for
Indian River Boulevard. This Section covers freestanding or detached signs, attached or
building signs, multi-tenant development signs and specialty signs.
21-450.01 - Freestanding Signs
Freestanding signs include signs that are -typically placed in front of businesses and
developments in order to achieve visibility from the highway. By definition, freestanding
signs are unattached to the building(s).
21-450.02 - Ground Signs Required
Freestanding ground signs shall be allowed in the Indian River Boulevard Corridor. Pole
signs are prohibited.
a. Height. The maximum height of the entire sign structure shall be eight feet (8').
b. Sign Area. The sign area of ground signs shall be calculated at a ratio of one square
foot (1') of sign area per two linear feet (2') of addressed building frontage, with the
following maximums.
1.
Typical Building. Ground signs shall not exceed forty-eight (48)
square feet for buildings with Indian River Boulevard road frontage.
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2. Primary Streets and Other Intersecting Streets. Ground signs on
primary streets and other streets intersecting Indian River Boulevard
may be up to thirty-two square feet (32').
c. Number of Ground Signs. One (1) sign shall be allowed per parcel with four
hundred feet (400') or less of road frontage. If a parcel's road frontage exceeds four
hundred feet (400') and is less than seven hundred feet (700'), then a maximum of
two (2) ground signs shall be allowed but no closer than three hundred feet (300')
apart. If a parcel's road frontage exceeds seven-hundred feet (700'), then a
maximum of three (3) ground signs shall be allowed, but no closer than three
hundred feet (300') apart.
d. Ground Sign Planter Specifications. Vertical structure supports for ground signs
shall be concealed in an enclosed base. The width of such enclosed base shall be
equal to at least two-thirds (2/3) the horizontal width of the sign surface. A planter
structure shall enclose the foot of the base. The planter shall be between two feet
(2') and three feet (3') in height above the ground, with a minimum length equal to
the width of the sign and a minimum width of three feet (3 '). The materials will be
consistent with the sign and principal structure. The planter shall be irrigated and
planted with low shrubs, ornamentals or flowers. Such plantings shall be maintained
indefinitely.
e. Ground Sign Setback. The planter setback shall be a minimum often feet (10')
from the right-of-way.
f. Movement. No ground sign nor its part shall move, rotate or use flashing lights.
21-450.03 - Business Identification Signs
Business identification signs include signs that are attached to the building wall or
window. They include wall signs (flat against building wall), projecting/hanging signs
(perpendicular to the building), window signs, canopy/marquis and awning signs.
The following general design criteria shall apply to. all attached signs located in the
Indian River Boulevard Corridor. No sign shall cover architectural detailing. Only one
(1) business identification shall be allowed per sign to reduce clutter.
a. Wall Signs. Wall signs should be limited to one (1) per business per fayade. The
total amount of wall signs allowed shall be two (2) square feet of signage per one
(1) linear foot of addressed business frontage, not to exceed sixty-four (64) square
feet, provided however that copy area shall not exceed fifty percent (50%) of the
primary frontage (width) of the tenant space. Wall signs should be placed on the
building fayade and not perpendicular to the wall.
b. ProjectinglHanging Signs. Projecting/hanging signs should not exceed four (4)
square feet and should be located adjacent to the entry to the building, or to the
tenant space. If located under an awning or marquis, the projecting sign should be
located perpendicular to the building face.
c. Window Signs. Window signs should be maintained properly. Window signs shall
be painted or decal only and should not exceed twenty five percent (25%) of
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window area. Sign location shall be between four feet (4') to six feet (6') above
grade to allow visibility into the store for pedestrians. Promotional posters for civic
events shall be permitted on windows and should not be included in the sign area
calculation.
d. Canopy/Marquis or Awning Valance Signs. Signs shall not be permitted on
canopy/marquis or awning valance structures.
21-450.04 - Multi-Tenant Buildings
Developments that have multiple tenants shall limit the ground sign to just the name of
the center/complex (may also possibly include an anchor store) and wall signs to identify
the individual tenants to prevent clutter along the corridor.
a. Directory Signs (for multi-use developments). Sites with two (2) or more
businesses on the premises are allowed a directory sign. The size of the sign should
not exceed six (6) square feet. The location of directory signs should be approved at
the discretion of the City.
21-450.05 - Specialty Signs
a. Easel. Easel signs should be limited to one (1) sign per active store entranceway.
The sign should relate to the business or merchandise line of the particular place of
. business. Easel signs should be no larger than twenty four inches (24") wide by
thirty six inches (36") high.
1. Signs placed on easels should be no larger than twenty-four inches (24")
wide by twenty-four inches (24") high.
2. Signs shall be located directly in front of the business entrance at a
distance of no greater than five feet (5') from the building and shall not
block pedestrian movement.
b. Flags. A maximum of one (1) state, one (1) federal and one (1) local/county flag
per parcel; each a maximum of thirty-five (35) square feet. Flags shall be set back
from road right-of-way a minimum distance often feet (10').
c. Opening Banners. Opening banners shall be allowed from two (2) weeks prior to
opening until one (1) month after opening. Banners shall be located on building
walls.
21-450.06 - Signage Performance Standards
Only permanent durable materials allowed and must be maintained. Signs should be
executed by a qualified, professional sign maker; homemade signs are prohibited.
21-450.07 - Exempted Signs
Real estate signs and construction signs shall meet Land Development Code standards.
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21-450.08 - Prohibited Signs
a. Signs that are prohibited in the Indian River Boulevard Corridor include animated
signs, billboards, off-site signs, flashing signs, snipe signs, portable signs (trailer
signs), roof signs, beacon lights, bench signs, trash receptacle signs, gutter signs,
signs on public property, immoral display, obstruction, streamers, spinners, and
pennants.
b. No advertising or signage is allowed on any exposed amenity including, but not
limited to, benches, trash containers and fences.
21-450.09 - Sign Illumination
a. Sign lights shall be focused, directed, and so arranged as to prevent glare or direct
illumination or traffic hazard from said lights onto residential districts or onto the
abutting roadways. No objectionable glare shall be directly visible from a public
right-of-way or residential zone. Illuminated signs shall provide shielding from
any source of illumination other than neon.
b. Any external, above-ground light source shall be located and hidden within the
sign planter bed. Light sources located outside the sign planter bed shall be in a
burial fixture.
21-450.10 - Prohibited Lighting
a. No flashing or pulsating light shall be permitted on any sign. No sign shall be
permitted which involves lighting or motion resembling traffic or directional
signals, warnings or other similar devices, which are normally associated with
highway safety or regulations. In addition, no sign shall be permitted which
constitutes a safety hazard or hindrance because of light, glare, focus, animation,
flashing or ihtensity of illumination. Lighted signs shall be designed and located
so as to prevent direct glare or hazardous interference of any kind to adjoining
. streets or properties. High intensity lights such as beacon lights, spotlights or
floodlights shall not be permitted in the Indian River Boulevard Corridor.
b. No prisms, mirrors or polisp.ed reflecting surfaces shall be used for purpose of
augmenting intensity of light sources and no hi-intensity lights or stroboscopic
lights or effect is permitted.
1. No more than forty-five (45) milli-amperes on high voltage side of neon
transformer shall be permitted.
2. Maximum wattage of incandescent bulbs shall be limited to eleven (11) watts.
3. A maximum of sixty (60) mill i-amperes shall be permitted on neon tubing.
4. Letters or border decoration of buildings with a maximum of eleven (11) watt
maximum incandescent bulbs shall be permitted.
5. Strip lighting includes lighting used to outline a structure or any part thereof
and shall be prohibited. Streamer lights and/or neon strip lighting shall be
prohibited above the roof level of any building. Strip lighting, as referred to
here, shall not include Christmas decorations and related lights.
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SECTION 21-460 - NONCONFORMING STRUCTURES
21-460.01 - Existing Nonconforming Structures
These guidelines apply to buildings and structures. Further, any structure which is
lawfully existing when these regulations are adopted (or amended), and which does not
conform with all the provisions of these regulations may remain and be continued subject
to the following regulations.
1. The intent and purpose of these nonconforming structure provisions shall be to
improve and otherwise encourage such structures to be redeveloped and
revitalized in ways that conform with these regulations to the greatest extent
feasible. Therefore, such structures, may be used, enlarged, replaced, altered
and/or expanded subject to the following:
2. Such use, enlargement, replacement, alterations, expansions and/or extension is
approved (as a conditional use/special exception/administrative variance) by the
Planning and Zoning Board under the procedures of these regulations.
3. All applications shall be subject to all appropriate safeguards and conditions
necessary to ensure that any such approval will not be contrary to the public
interest, the intent of these Indian River Boulevard Design Guidelines or
injurious to the specific area in which the existing nonconforming structure is
located.
4. All applications shall provide complete and written justification regarding any
provisions of these regulations that the applicant believes cannot be fully
complied with. Such justification shall not include monetary considerations.
5. Under no circumstances shall the provisions of this Section be construed to mean
that any existing nonconforming structure may be changed, or that any provision,
requirement and/or regulation contained within these regulations can be waived
or reduced which can reasonably be complied with by the applicant. The
provisions of this Section shall not be construed and/or applied in such a manner
as to permit the enlargement, replacement, alterations, expansion and/or
extension of any existing nonconforming structure without justifiable reasons
based on a legally existing and nonconforming status; that would result in any
undue hardship or injurious activity that would deprive adjacent individual
property owners of their property rights; or that would be detrimental to the area
surrounding the nonconforming premises in general.
21-460.02 - Guidelines For Nonconforming Structures
a. No nonconforming structure shall be enlarged, replaced or altered in any way which
increases it nonconformity except in conformance with these regulations;
b. It is further stated that any alterations, replacement or modification of the exterior of
a nonconforming structure shall comply with these design guidelines to the
maximum extent feasible;
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c. Nonconforming structures may be restored to a safe condition if declared unsafe,
providing that such restoration does not constitute more than fifty-percent (50%) of
the structure's appraised fair market value;
d. If damaged by more than fifty-percent (50%) of its appraised fair market value, a
nonconforming structure shall not be restored except in conformance with these
regulations.
e. Nonconforming structures may have normal repair and maintenance performed to
permit continuation of the nonconforming structure.
SECTION 21-470 -RESERVED
SECTION 21-480 -RESERVED
SECTION 21-490 -RESERVED
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